REFERENCES
1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2021;71:209-49.
2. Cheng TY, Cramb SM, Baade PD, Youlden DR, Nwogu C, Reid ME. The international epidemiology of lung cancer: latest trends, disparities, and tumor characteristics. J Thorac Oncol 2016;11:1653-71.
3. Fois SS, Paliogiannis P, Zinellu A, Fois AG, Cossu A, Palmieri G. Molecular epidemiology of the main druggable genetic alterations in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22:612.
4. Casanova ML, Larcher F, Casanova B, et al. A critical role for ras-mediated, epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent angiogenesis in mouse skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2002;62:3402-7.
5. Lichtenberger BM, Tan PK, Niederleithner H, Ferrara N, Petzelbauer P, Sibilia M. Autocrine VEGF signaling synergizes with EGFR in tumor cells to promote epithelial cancer development. Cell 2010;140:268-79.
6. Reinmuth N, Jauch A, Xu EC, et al. Correlation of EGFR mutations with chromosomal alterations and expression of EGFR, ErbB3 and VEGF in tumor samples of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Lung Cancer 2008;62:193-201.
7. Planchard D, Popat S, Kerr K, et al. Advanced non-small cell lung cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2018;29:iv192-iv237.
8. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Clinical practice guidelines in oncology non-small cell lung cancer. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/nscl.pdf [Last accessed on 13 Oct 2022].
9. Hanna NH, Robinson AG, Temin S, et al. Therapy for stage iv non-small-cell lung cancer with driver alterations: ASCO and OH (CCO) joint guideline update. J Clin Oncol 2021;39:1040-91.
10. Rocco D, Battiloro C, Gravara LD, Gridelli C. Advanced non-small cell lung cancer with activating epidermal growth factor receptor mutation: first line treatment and beyond. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2019;14:120-8.
11. Rosell R, Dafni U, Felip E, et al. Erlotinib and bevacizumab in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and activating EGFR mutations (BELIEF): an international, multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Respir Med 2017;5:435-44.
12. Seto T, Kato T, Nishio M, et al. Erlotinib alone or with bevacizumab as first-line therapy in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring EGFR mutations (JO25567): an open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 2014;15:1236-44.
13. Yamamoto N, Seto T, Nishio M, et al. Erlotinib plus bevacizumab vs. erlotinib monotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: survival follow-up results of the randomized JO25567 study. Lung Cancer 2021;151:20-4.
14. Saito H, Fukuhara T, Furuya N, et al. Erlotinib plus bevacizumab versus erlotinib alone in patients with EGFR-positive advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NEJ026): interim analysis of an open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2019;20:625-35.
15. Kawashima Y, Fukuhara T, Saito H, et al. Bevacizumab plus erlotinib versus erlotinib alone in Japanese patients with advanced, metastatic, EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NEJ026): overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med 2022;10:72-82.
16. Gridelli C, Rossi A, Ciardiello F, et al. BEVERLY: rationale and design of a randomized open-label phase III trial comparing bevacizumab plus erlotinib versus erlotinib alone as first-line treatment of patients with EGFR-mutated advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2016;17:461-5.
17. Piccirillo MC, Bonanno L, Garassino MC, et al. Bevacizumab + erlotinib vs. erlotinib alone as first-line treatment of pts with EGFR mutated advanced non squamous NSCLC: final analysis of the multicenter, randomized, phase 3 BEVERLY trial. Ann Oncol 2021;32:S949-S1039.
18. Zhou Q, Xu CR, Cheng Y, et al. Bevacizumab plus erlotinib in Chinese patients with untreated, EGFR-mutated, advanced NSCLC (ARTEMIS-CTONG1509): a multicenter phase 3 study. Cancer Cell 2021;39:1279-1291.e3.
19. Nakagawa K, Garon EB, Seto T, et al. Ramucirumab plus erlotinib in patients with untreated, EGFR-mutated, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (RELAY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2019;20:1655-69.
20. Ponce Aix S, Novello S, Garon EB, et al. RELAY, ramucirumab plus erlotinib versus placebo plus erlotinib in patients with untreated, EGFR-mutated, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: Europe/United States subset analysis. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021;27:100378.
21. Nishio M, Seto T, Reck M, et al. RELAY Study Investigators. Ramucirumab or placebo plus erlotinib in EGFR-mutated, metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: East Asian subset of RELAY. Cancer Sci 2020;111:4510-25.
22. Christopoulos P, Kirchner M, Roeper J, et al. Risk stratification of EGFR+ lung cancer diagnosed with panel-based next-generation sequencing. Lung Cancer 2020;148:105-12.
23. Nishio M, Paz-ares L, Reck M, et al. 1209P RELAY, ramucirumab plus erlotinib (RAM+ERL) in untreated metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC (EGFR+NSCLC): association between TP53 status and clinical outcome. Ann Oncol 2021;32:S962-3.
24. Nakagawa K, Nadal E, Garon EB, et al. RELAY subgroup analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R mutations for ramucirumab plus erlotinib in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021;27:5258-71.
25. Soria JC, Ohe Y, Vansteenkiste J, et al. FLAURA Investigators. Osimertinib in untreated EGFR-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2018;378:113-25.
26. Haratake N, Hayashi H, Shimokawa M, et al. Phase III clinical trial for the combination of erlotinib plus ramucirumab compared with osimertinib in previously untreated advanced or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer positive for the L858R mutation of EGFR: REVOL858R (WJOG14420L). Clin Lung Cancer 2022;23:e257-63.
27. Zhao Y, Liu J, Cai X, et al. Efficacy and safety of first line treatments for patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor mutated, non-small cell lung cancer: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ 2019;367:l5460.
28. Fiala O, Pesek M, Finek J, Benesova L, Bortlicek Z, Minarik M. Comparison of EGFR-TKI and chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of advanced EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. Neoplasma 2013;60:425-31.
29. Rocco D, Gravara LD, Gridelli C. The new immunotherapy combinations in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: reality and perspectives. Curr Clin Pharmacol 2020;15:11-9.
30. Cortot AB, Jänne PA. Molecular mechanisms of resistance in epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant lung adenocarcinomas. Eur Respir Rev 2014;23:356-66.
31. Zhong WZ, Zhou Q, Wu YL. The resistance mechanisms and treatment strategies for. EGFR ;8:71358-70.
32. Morgillo F, Della Corte CM, Fasano M, Ciardiello F. Mechanisms of resistance to EGFR-targeted drugs: lung cancer. ESMO Open 2016;1:e000060.
33. Coleman N, Hong L, Zhang J, Heymach J, Hong D, Le X. Beyond epidermal growth factor receptor: MET amplification as a general resistance driver to targeted therapy in oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer. ESMO Open 2021;6:100319.
34. Zhang Y, Zeng L, Zhang X, et al. Clinical and molecular feature-based nomogram model for predicting benefit from bevacizumab combined with first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC. BMC Med 2021;19:245.
35. Zeng L, Xiao L, Jiang W, et al. Investigation of efficacy and acquired resistance for EGFR-TKI plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment in patients with EGFR sensitive mutant non-small cell lung cancer in a Real world population. Lung Cancer 2020;141:82-8.
36. Mok TS, Wu Y-L, Ahn M-J, et al. AURA3 Investigators. Osimertinib or platinum-pemetrexed in EGFR T790M-positive lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2017;376:629-40.
37. Papadimitrakopoulou VA, Mok TS, Han JY, et al. Osimertinib versus platinum-pemetrexed for patients with EGFR T790M advanced NSCLC and progression on a prior EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor: AURA3 overall survival analysis. Ann Oncol 2020;31:1536-44.
38. Leonetti A, Sharma S, Minari R, Perego P, Giovannetti E, Tiseo M. Resistance mechanisms to osimertinib in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2019;121:725-37.
39. Akamatsu H, Toi Y, Hayashi H, et al. Efficacy of osimertinib plus bevacizumab vs. osimertinib in patients with EGFR T790M-mutated non-small cell lung cancer previously treated with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor: west Japan oncology group 8715L phase 2 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol 2021;7:386-94.
40. Kenmotsu H, Wakuda K, Mori K, et al. Randomized phase 2 study of osimertinib plus bevacizumab versus osimertinib for untreated patients with nonsquamous NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations: WJOG9717L study. J Thorac Oncol 2022;17:1098-108.
41. Wang Q, Yang S, Wang K, Sun SY. MET inhibitors for targeted therapy of EGFR TKI-resistant lung cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2019;12:63.
42. Yang JJ, Fang J, Shu YQ, et al. A phase Ib study of the highly selective MET-TKI savolitinib plus gefitinib in patients with EGFR-mutated, MET-amplified advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Invest New Drugs 2021;39:477-87.
43. Sequist LV, Han J, Ahn M, et al. Osimertinib plus savolitinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive, MET-amplified, non-small-cell lung cancer after progression on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors: interim results from a multicentre, open-label, phase 1b study. Lancet Oncol 2020;21:373-86.
44. U. S. National Library of Medicine (NIH). A study comparing savolitinib plus osimertinib vs. savolitinib plus placebo in patients with EGFRm+ and MET amplified advanced NSCLC (CoC). Available from: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04606771?term=Savolitinib&cond=NSCLC&draw=3&rank=4 [Last accessed on 13 Oct 2022].
45. Wu Y, Cheng Y, Zhou J, et al. Tepotinib plus gefitinib in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer with MET overexpression or MET amplification and acquired resistance to previous EGFR inhibitor (INSIGHT study): an open-label, phase 1b/2, multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet Respir Med 2020;8:1132-43.
46. Park K, Zhou J, Kim D, et al. Tepotinib plus gefitinib in patients with MET-amplified EGFR-mutant NSCLC: long-term outcomes of the INSIGHT study. Ann Oncol 2019;30:ix159.
47. U. S. National Library of Medicine (NIH). A study of tepotinib plus osimertinib in osimertinib relapsed MET amplified NSCLC (INSIGHT 2). Available from: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03940703?term=tepotinib&cond=Nsclc&draw=2&rank=2 [Last accessed on 13 Oct 2022].
48. Wu YL, Zhang L, Kim DW, et al. Phase Ib/II study of capmatinib (INC280) plus gefitinib after failure of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor therapy in patients with EGFR-mutated, MET factor-dysregulated non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2018;36:3101-9.
49. Wu Y, Zhang L, Kim D, et al. Phase 1b/2 study of capmatinib plus gefitinib in patients with EGFR-mutated, MET-dysregulated non-small cell lung cancer who received prior therapy: final overall survival and safety. JCO 2021;39:9048-9048.
50. U. S. National Library of Medicine (NIH). Study evaluating efficacy and safety of capmatinib in combination with osimertinib in adult subjects with non-small cell lung cancers as second line therapy (GEOMETRY-E). Available from: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04816214?term=Capmatinib&cond=NSCLC&draw=2&rank=17 [Last accessed on 13 Oct 2022].
51. Tanaka I, Morise M, Miyazawa A, et al. Potential benefits of bevacizumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation. Clin Lung Cancer 2020;21:273-280.e4.