fig2
Figure 2. Meta-analysis of the associations between influence factors and risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. This figure presents forest plots showing the pooled ORs with 95%CIs for 22 identified risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis. Significant predictors include prior PEP, papillary abnormalities, and difficult cannulation. Random-effects models were applied to account for substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 51%-95%), while fixed-effects models confirmed the stability of the associations. ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; ORs: odds ratios; PEP: post-ERCP pancreatitis.
