fig4

Figure 4. Schematic signaling pathways controlling CCA-CSCs. The STAT3-HMGA1-Aurora A network is highly enriched in CCA-CSCs, regulating their stem-like characteristics and metabolism. All proteins depicted are upregulated in CCA-CSCs. CSC: Cancer stem cell; CCA: cholangiocarcinoma; JAK: janus Kinase; STAT: signal transducer and activator of transcription; ABC: ATP-binding cassette transporter; CD: cluster of differentiation; EpCAM: epithelial cell adhesion molecule; BRG: brahma-related gene; SWI/SNF: SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable; OCT4: octamer-binding transcription factor 4; NANOG: homeobox protein NANOG; FASN: fatty acid synthase.