Topic: Robotic Surgery and Artificial Intelligence in Urology

Robotic surgery and artificial intelligence (AI) have rapidly evolved from emerging innovations into integral components of contemporary urological practice. Over the past two decades, robotic surgical platforms have expanded operative capabilities by enhancing precision, dexterity, ergonomics, and visualization across a wide range of procedures, ranging from oncological surgery to reconstructive and functional urology. In parallel, AI has begun to reshape clinical decision making, diagnostics, surgical planning, and outcome prediction, opening new perspectives for personalized and data-driven care.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive and forward-looking overview of the current applications and future potential of robotic surgery and AI in urology. We welcome original research articles, systematic reviews, narrative reviews, and technical reports addressing both established and emerging robotic platforms, novel surgical approaches, learning curves, training and credentialing, perioperative outcomes, and cost-effectiveness. Particular emphasis will be placed on the integration of AI-based tools, including machine learning and deep learning applications, in areas such as imaging, pathology, risk stratification, intraoperative guidance, and postoperative outcome prediction.

In addition, this Special Issue seeks to explore the ethical, regulatory, and organizational challenges associated with the adoption of robotic and AI-driven technologies, as well as their impact on surgical education and patient-centered care. By bringing together multidisciplinary contributions, this collection aims to critically appraise the current evidence, highlight unmet clinical and technological needs, and define future directions for innovation in robotic and AI-assisted urology.