Machine learning-enabled design and lifetime prediction of solid oxide fuel cells 

This review covers the latest advancements in the application of machine learning (ML) to the design optimization, failure analysis, and lifetime prediction of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). At the material design level, ML accelerates the screening of perovskite materials and optimizes microstructures, significantly enhancing electrode performance. In stack structural design, ML aids multiphysics-coupled analysis to optimize flow channel layouts and thermal management. For electrode degradation issues such as cathode chromium poisoning and anode carbon deposition, ML models enable precise diagnosis and prediction by analyzing experimental data. Furthermore, ML techniques demonstrate high efficiency and adaptability in stack system fault diagnosis and lifetime prediction, offering a new paradigm for SOFC reliability research. Despite challenges such as data scarcity and model complexity, the integration of ML with physical models and the development of multiscale approaches provide critical support for the commercialization of SOFCs.