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From: Nanomedicine-enabled ultrasound immunotherapy: from immunogenic cell death to systemic immune activation

Figure 4. Development of sono-activatable nanofeedbacks (SPN_SA) for precision dual-modulation of immunosuppressive pathways and SDT-combinational immune therapy. (A) Construction of SPN_SA via nanoprecipitation and surface modification; (B) Schematic illustration of the mechanisms of sono-activatable SPN_SA for ICD induction, dual-modulation of immunosuppressive pathways, and SDT-combinational immunotherapy. Reproduced with permission^[115]. Copyright 2023, Nano Today. SDT: Sonodynamic therapy; aPD-L1: anti-programmed death-ligand 1 antibody; PD-1: programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1: programmed death-ligand 1; DC: dendritic cell; ICD: immunogenic cell death; PFODBT: poly[2,7-(9,9-di-octyl-fluorene)-alt-4,7-bis(thiophen-2-yl)benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole]; DSPE-TK-PEG: 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-thioketal-poly(ethylene glycol); DSPE-PEG-TK-COOH: 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol)-thioketal-carboxylic acid; US: ultrasound.