fig1

Figure 1. General structure of interaction networks. (A) A general network structure where nodes represent an entity (e.g., a taxon) and edges represent pairwise relationships. (B) The same network structure with signed relationships according to their positive (green) or negative (red) nature. (C) Network with both signed and weighted relationships, where the line thickness is proportional to relationship’s strength (derived either from adjacency, similarity, or correlation values). (D) Signed, weighted, and directed network, where relationships are represented by an arrow, to highlight the causal influence of a node on another one.