REFERENCES
1. Herzog, D.; Seyda, V.; Wycisk, E.; Emmelmann, C. Additive manufacturing of metals. Acta. Mater. 2016, 117, 371-92.
2. Frazier, W. E. Metal additive manufacturing: a review. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2014, 23, 1917-28.
3. Yap, C. Y.; Chua, C. K.; Dong, Z. L.; et al. Review of selective laser melting: materials and applications. Appl. Phys. Rev. 2015, 2, 041101.
4. Haghdadi, N.; Laleh, M.; Moyle, M.; Primig, S. Additive manufacturing of steels: a review of achievements and challenges. J. Mater. Sci. 2020, 56, 64-107.
5. Debroy, T.; Wei, H.; Zuback, J.; et al. Additive manufacturing of metallic components - process, structure and properties. Prog. Mater. Sci. 2018, 92, 112-224.
6. Yan, J.; Zhou, Y.; Gu, R.; Zhang, X.; Quach, W.; Yan, M. A comprehensive study of steel powders (316L, H13, P20 and 18Ni300) for their selective laser melting additive manufacturing. Metals 2019, 9, 86.
7. Bae, K.; Shin, D.; Kim, J.; Lee, W.; Jo, I.; Lee, J. Influence of post heat treatment condition on corrosion behavior of 18Ni300 maraging steel manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. Micromachines 2022, 13, 1977.
8. Song, J.; Tang, Q.; Feng, Q.; et al. Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical behaviours of 18Ni-300 maraging steel manufactured by selective laser melting. Opt. Laser. Technol. 2019, 120, 105725.
9. Kempen, K.; Yasa, E.; Thijs, L.; Kruth, J.; Van Humbeeck, J. Microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted 18Ni-300 steel. Phys. Procedia. 2011, 12, 255-63.
10. Wang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Gong, W.; et al. On the role of austenite stability in yielding behavior of a medium Mn steel with a duplex austenite-martensite microstructure. Acta. Mater. 2025, 288, 120840.
11. Yang, L.; Wei, C.; Jiang, F.; et al. Achieving ultrahigh strength and ductility in a Co-Cr-Ni multi-principal element alloy through gradient grain and nanoprecipitate structure. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 2025, 236, 262-9.
12. Demir, A. G.; Previtali, B. Investigation of remelting and preheating in SLM of 18Ni300 maraging steel as corrective and preventive measures for porosity reduction. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2017, 93, 2697-709.
13. Kong, D.; Dong, C.; Wei, S.; et al. About metastable cellular structure in additively manufactured austenitic stainless steels. Addit. Manuf. 2021, 38, 101804.
14. Sanders, D. J. Temperature distributions produced by scanning Gaussian laser beams. Appl. Opt. 1984, 23, 30.
15. Casalino, G.; Campanelli, S.; Contuzzi, N.; Ludovico, A. Experimental investigation and statistical optimisation of the selective laser melting process of a maraging steel. Opt. Laser. Technol. 2015, 65, 151-8.
16. Truong, T.; Asala, G.; Ola, O.; Ojo, O.; Odeshi, A. Effects of additive manufacturing process parameters and heat treatment on texture evolution and variant selection during austenite-martensite transformation in 18%Ni-M350 maraging steel. Mater. Charact. 2023, 204, 113190.
17. Ronneberg, T.; Davies, C. M.; Hooper, P. A. Revealing relationships between porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion 316L stainless steel through heat treatment. Mater. Des. 2020, 189, 108481.
18. Magana-carranza, R.; Sutcliffe, C.; Patterson, E. The effect of processing parameters and material properties on residual forces induced in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Addit. Manuf. 2021, 46, 102192.
19. Yao, Y.; Fan, L.; Ding, R.; et al. On the role of cellular microstructure in austenite reversion in selective laser melted maraging steel. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 2024, 184, 180-94.
20. Kannan, R.; Nandwana, P. Thermodynamics and kinetics of precipitation and austenite reversion during aging of Ti-free grade 300 maraging steel manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). J. Mater. Sci. 2021, 56, 18722-39.
21. Narayana Samy, V. P.; Schäfle, M.; Brasche, F.; Krupp, U.; Haase, C. Understanding the mechanism of columnar–to-equiaxed transition and grain refinement in additively manufactured steel during laser powder bed fusion. Addit. Manuf. 2023, 73, 103702.
22. Zinsaz-borujerdi, A.; Zarei-hanzaki, A.; Abedi, H.; et al. Room temperature mechanical properties and microstructure of a low alloyed TRIP-assisted steel subjected to one-step and two-step quenching and partitioning process. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2018, 725, 341-9.
23. Dehgahi, S.; Sanjari, M.; Ghoncheh, M.; Amirkhiz, B. S.; Mohammadi, M. Concurrent improvement of strength and ductility in heat-treated C300 maraging steels produced by laser powder bed fusion technique. Addit. Manuf. 2021, 39, 101847.
24. Conde, F.; Escobar, J.; Oliveira, J.; Jardini, A.; Bose Filho, W.; Avila, J. Austenite reversion kinetics and stability during tempering of an additively manufactured maraging 300 steel. Addit. Manuf. 2019, 29, 100804.
25. Król, M.; Snopiński, P.; Czech, A. The phase transitions in selective laser-melted 18-NI (300-grade) maraging steel. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2020, 142, 1011-8.
26. Takata, N.; Ito, Y.; Nishida, R.; Suzuki, A.; Kobashi, M.; Kato, M. Austenite reversion behavior of maraging steel additive-manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. ISIJ. Int. 2024, 64, 303-15.
27. Strakosova, A.; Roudnická, M.; Šafka, J.; et al. Effect of titanium on microstructure and mechanical behaviour of additively manufactured 1.2709 maraging steel. Addit. Manuf. 2024, 88, 104264.
28. Jacob, K.; Roy, A.; Gururajan, M.; Jaya, B. N. Effect of dislocation network on precipitate morphology and deformation behaviour in maraging steels: Modelling and experimental validation. Materialia 2022, 21, 101358.
29. Podgornik, B.; Šinko, M.; Godec, M. Dependence of the wear resistance of additive-manufactured maraging steel on the build direction and heat treatment. Addit. Manuf. 2021, 46, 102123.
30. Jägle, E. A.; Choi, P.; Van Humbeeck, J.; Raabe, D. Precipitation and austenite reversion behavior of a maraging steel produced by selective laser melting. J. Mater. Res. 2014, 29, 2072-9.
31. Nandwana, P.; Kannan, R.; Leonard, D. N. Leveraging solute segregation in laser powder bed fusion to achieve superior strength and ductility via single-step heat treatment in Ti-free grade 300 maraging steel. JOM 2020, 72, 4221-31.
32. He, B. On the factors governing austenite stability: intrinsic versus extrinsic. Materials 2020, 13, 3440.
33. Mutua, J.; Nakata, S.; Onda, T.; Chen, Z. Optimization of selective laser melting parameters and influence of post heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of maraging steel. Mater. Des. 2018, 139, 486-97.
34. Mei, X.; Yan, Y.; Fu, H.; Gao, X.; Huang, S.; Qiao, L. Effect of aging temperature on microstructure evolution and strengthening behavior of L-PBF 18Ni(300) maraging steel. Addit. Manuf. 2022, 58, 103071.
35. Tekin, T.; Ischia, G.; Naclerio, F.; Ipek, R.; Molinari, A. Effect of a direct aging heat treatment on the microstructure and the tensile properties of a 18Ni-300 maraging steel produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2023, 872, 144921.
36. Habassi, F.; Houria, M.; Barka, N.; Jahazi, M. Influence of post-treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured C300 maraging steel. Mater. Charact. 2023, 202, 112980.
37. He, C.; Yao, H.; Hui, P.; et al. Quasi-in-situ study on the strength-plasticity synergistic mechanism of super martensitic stainless steel with different N content. Mater. Charact. 2025, 229, 115470.
38. Casati, R.; Lemke, J.; Tuissi, A.; Vedani, M. Aging behaviour and mechanical performance of 18-Ni 300 steel processed by selective laser melting. Metals 2016, 6, 218.
39. Monkova, K.; Zetkova, I.; Kučerová, L.; Zetek, M.; Monka, P.; Daňa, M. Study of 3D printing direction and effects of heat treatment on mechanical properties of MS1 maraging steel. Arch. Appl. Mech. 2018, 89, 791-804.
40. Damon, J.; Hanemann, T.; Dietrich, S.; Graf, G.; Lang, K.; Schulze, V. Orientation dependent fatigue performance and mechanisms of selective laser melted maraging steel X3NiCoMoTi18-9-5. Int. J. Fatigue. 2019, 127, 395-402.
41. Kučerová, L.; Zetková, I.; Jandová, A.; Bystrianský, M. Microstructural characterisation and in-situ straining of additive-manufactured X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5 maraging steel. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2019, 750, 70-80.
42. Bai, Y.; Yang, Y.; Wang, D.; Zhang, M. Influence mechanism of parameters process and mechanical properties evolution mechanism of maraging steel 300 by selective laser melting. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2017, 703, 116-23.
43. Bajaj, P.; Hariharan, A.; Kini, A.; Kürnsteiner, P.; Raabe, D.; Jägle, E. Steels in additive manufacturing: a review of their microstructure and properties. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2020, 772, 138633.
44. Mohapatra, S.; Poojari, G.; Satpathy, B.; Das, S.; Das, K. A comprehensive study on the effect of annealing temperature on the tensile and impact behavior of automotive-grade medium manganese steel (Fe-6.22Mn-0.18C). J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2023, 33, 5348-63.
45. Song, Y.; Li, C.; Liao, Y.; Gu, J. Study on the mechanical stability of reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel via in-situ synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction. Mater. Lett. 2023, 345, 134495.
46. Han, P.; Liu, Z.; Li, Q.; et al. A phenomenological understanding of the novel design of hierarchical structure for 1 GPa ultrahigh strength and high toughness combination low alloy steel. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2023, 881, 145387.
47. Sahoo, B. K.; Srivastava, V. C.; Mahato, B.; Ghosh Chowdhury, S. Microstructure-mechanical property evaluation and deformation mechanism in Al added medium Mn steel processed through intercritical rolling and annealing. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2021, 799, 140100.
48. Hu, C.; Huang, C.; Liu, Y.; Perlade, A.; Zhu, K.; Huang, M. The dual role of TRIP effect on ductility and toughness of a medium Mn steel. Acta. Mater. 2023, 245, 118629.
49. Callahan, M.; Hubert, O.; Hild, F.; Perlade, A.; Schmitt, J. Coincidence of strain-induced TRIP and propagative PLC bands in Medium Mn steels. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2017, 704, 391-400.
50. Mao, Z.; Lu, X.; Yang, H.; Niu, X.; Zhang, L.; Xie, X. Processing optimization, microstructure, mechanical properties and nanoprecipitation behavior of 18Ni300 maraging steel in selective laser melting. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2022, 830, 142334.
51. Yadav, M. K.; Kumar, D.; Kumar, N.; Bandyopadhyay, T. K. Hot-rolled Al-added medium Mn steel (Fe-8Mn-2.85Al-1Si-0.2C): Microstructural evolution and tensile behavior. Materialia 2023, 29, 101790.
