REFERENCES

1. Wang, G.; Lu, Z.; Li, Y.; et al. Electroceramics for high-energy density capacitors: current status and future perspectives. Chem. Rev. 2021, 121, 6124-72.

2. Palneedi, H.; Peddigari, M.; Hwang, G. T.; Jeong, D. Y.; Ryu, J. High-performance dielectric ceramic films for energy storage capacitors: progress and outlook. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1803665.

3. Yang, H.; Bin, C.; Zhao, Y.; et al. A novel low-loss and high-stability (1-x)Na_0.98NbO_3-xBi(Al_0.5Y_0.5)O₃ lead-free composite ceramics for dielectric energy storage capacitors. Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 475, 146426.

4. Pan, H.; Li, F.; Liu, Y.; et al. Ultrahigh-energy density lead-free dielectric films via polymorphic nanodomain design. Science 2019, 365, 578-82.

5. Yang, M.; Ren, W.; Guo, M.; Shen, Y. High-energy-density and high efficiency polymer dielectrics for high temperature electrostatic energy storage: a review. Small 2022, 18, 2205247.

6. Tan, D. Q. Review of polymer-based nanodielectric exploration and film scale-up for advanced capacitors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 30, 1808567.

7. Shkuratov, S. I.; Lynch, C. S. A review of ferroelectric materials for high power devices. J. Materiomics. 2022, 8, 739-52.

8. Wu, J.; Wu, T. A bright new world of ferroelectrics: magic of spontaneous polarization. ACS. Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2020, 12, 52231-3.

9. Yan, Y.; Cho, K.; Priya, S. Piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of Mn-doped Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)-PbZrO₃-PbTiO₃ textured ceramics. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2012, 100, 132908.

10. Qiao, X.; Geng, W.; Chen, X.; et al. Enhanced energy storage properties and temperature stability of fatigue-free La-modified PbZrO₃ films under low electric fields. Sci. China. Mater. 2020, 63, 2325-34.

11. Huang, X.; Peng, J.; Zeng, J.; Zheng, L.; Li, G.; Karaki, T. The high piezoelectric properties and high temperature stability in Mn doped Pb(Mg_0.5W_0.5)O₃-Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ ceramics. Ceram. Int. 2019, 45, 6523-7.

12. Wu, M. 100 years of ferroelectricity. Nat. Rev. Phys. 2021, 3, 726.

13. Jain, A.; Wang, Y.; Guo, H.; Wang, N. Grain size engineered Ba_0.9Sr_0.1Ti_0.9Hf_0.1O₃‐Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ relaxor ceramics with improved energy storage performance. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2020, 103, 6308-18.

14. Guo, Y.; Zhou, D.; Li, R.; et al. Novel relaxor ferroelectric BTWO nanofillers for improving the energy storage performance of polymer-based dielectric composites. J. Energy. Storage. 2024, 76, 109585.

15. Liu, Y.; Li, M.; Jiang, K.; et al. Radiation-hardened dendritic-like nanocomposite films with ultrahigh capacitive energy density. Nat. Commun. 2025, 16, 3882.

16. Chen, X.; Shen, Z. H.; Liu, R. L.; et al. Programming polarity heterogeneity of energy storage dielectrics by bidirectional intelligent design. Adv. Mater. 2024, 36, 2311721.

17. Xie, B.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, Q.; et al. Enhanced energy density of polymer nanocomposites at a low electric field through aligned BaTiO₃ nanowires. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2017, 5, 6070-8.

18. Jiang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Shen, Z.; et al. Ultrahigh breakdown strength and improved energy density of polymer nanocomposites with gradient distribution of ceramic nanoparticles. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 30, 1906112.

19. Shen, Z. H.; Wang, J. J.; Lin, Y.; Nan, C. W.; Chen, L. Q.; Shen, Y. High-throughput phase-field design of high-energy-density polymer nanocomposites. Adv. Mater. 2017, 30, 1704380.

20. Hu, H. L.; Chen, L. Q. Three-dimensional computer simulation of ferroelectric domain formation. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2005, 81, 492-500.

21. Li, Y. L.; Hu, S. Y.; Liu, Z. K.; Chen, L. Q. Phase-field model of domain structures in ferroelectric thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 78, 3878-80.

22. Li, Y. L.; Hu, S. Y.; Liu, Z. K.; Chen, L. Q. Effect of electrical boundary conditions on ferroelectric domain structures in thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 81, 427-9.

23. Li, Y.; Hu, S.; Liu, Z.; Chen, L. Effect of substrate constraint on the stability and evolution of ferroelectric domain structures in thin films. Acta. Mater. 2002, 50, 395-411.

24. Wang, J.; Shu, W.; Shimada, T.; Kitamura, T.; Zhang, T. Role of grain orientation distribution in the ferroelectric and ferroelastic domain switching of ferroelectric polycrystals. Acta. Mater. 2013, 61, 6037-49.

25. Li, X.; Wang, J. Effect of grain size on the domain structures and electromechanical responses of ferroelectric polycrystal. Smart. Mater. Struct. 2017, 26, 015013.

26. Crossley, S.; Mcginnigle, J. R.; Kar-Narayan, S.; Mathur, N. D. Finite-element optimisation of electrocaloric multilayer capacitors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2014, 104, 082909.

27. Physics of Ferroelectrics; Topics in Applied Physics, Vol. 105; Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007.

28. Guarany, C. A.; Araújo, E. B.; Silva, P. R.; Saitovitch, H. Hyperfine interaction measurements on ceramics: PZT revisited. Physica. B:. Condensed. Matter. 2007, 389, 130-4.

29. Liu, Z.; Wu, H.; Ren, W.; Ye, Z. Synthesis, structure and electric properties of a novel solid solution system: (1-x)Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃-xBi(Zn_2/3Nb_1/3)O₃. Ferroelectrics 2019, 533, 183-91.

30. Xie, B.; Wang, T.; Cai, J.; et al. High energy density of ferroelectric polymer nanocomposites utilizing PZT@SiO₂ nanocubes with morphotropic phase boundary. Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 434, 134659.

31. Baudry, L.; Tournier, J. Lattice model for ferroelectric thin film materials including surface effects: investigation on the “depolarizing” field properties. J. Appl. Phys. 2001, 90, 1442-54.