fig6
From: Mechanoimmunomodulation-based strategy on advancing tissue-engineered nanotopographic structures
Figure 6. Schematic diagrams for alteration in parameters of nanotopographic structures affecting mechanical forces on the immune cell membrane. (A) Reducing the top surface area of a single rod decreases the number of the adhered integrins, thus increasing the traction force loading on individual integrins, which may lead to adhesion collapse; (B) Lowering the height of nanotopographic structures diminishes the membrane tension; (C) Decreasing the contact area via changing the topographical surface reduces the contact pressure on in the immune cell membrane.
