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Figure 6. Working mechanism of EEGs and representative MXene-based EEGs. (A) Schematic illustration of typical experimental setup for EEGs and water flow between carbon black nanosheets induced by evaporation. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[65] Copyright © 2017 Springer Nature. (B) Working mechanism of EEG device. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[44] Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. (C) Photograph showing the operation of MXene-based EEG induced by droplets. (D) V_oc, I_sc, and resistance curves of MXene-based EEG with one water drop wicking. (E) Schematic illustration of working mechanism including rapid wicking and slow diffusion. (F) Two typical I_sc peaks initiated by wicking and diffusion. (G) Surface charge density of water molecules and different ions on the surface of MXene sheets calculated by DFT. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[67] Copyright © 2022 Royal Society of Chemistry. (H) Schematic illustration of device structure of MPCF and corresponding channel’s structure. (I) Schematic of the upstream proton diffusion mechanism. (J) MD simulations for protons dissociation and diffusion in the MXene channel. Reproduced with the permission of Ref.^[69] Copyright © 2024 Springer Nature.