fig4

From: Manganese dioxide as cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries: reaction mechanisms, optimization strategies and further prospects

Figure 4. (A) Conversion reaction mechanism. Reprinted with permission^[94]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier; (B) A side reaction of the AZIBs conversion reaction to form Zn₄SO₄(OH)₆·nH₂O. Reprinted with permission^[93]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier; (C) A side reaction of the AZIBs conversion reaction to form ZnSO₄[Zn(OH)₂]₃·xH₂O. Reprinted with permission^[95]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier; (D) Dynamic compensation mechanism for the AZIBs with the Zn-Ce electrolyte. Reprinted with permission^[97]. Copyright 2023, Royal Society of Chemistry; (E) Diagram illustrating phase transformations with MnO₂ cathode in zinc sulfate. Reprinted with permission^[98]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier. AZIBs: Aqueous zinc-ion batteries.