fig6

Figure 6. Schematic representation of DHX36 involvement in viral infections. DHX36 interacts with multiple viruses and modulates their replication or host responses. In oncolytic viruses, DHX36 downregulates MX2, enhancing herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) yield and contributing to glioblastoma cell killing. In Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, DHX36 and viral NS3 promote viral replication. In Hepatitis B virus (HBV), DHX36 shows strong binding affinity to G-quadruplex (G4) structures, though the biological consequences remain to be clarified (needs future investigations). In Influenza A virus (IAV) infection, DHX36 forms a complex with PKR, promoting antiviral stress granule (avSG) formation and enhancing type I interferon (IFN) responses. The red arrow means decrease or downregulation. The green arrow means increase or upregulation. DHX36: DEAH-box helicase 36.