fig4

Figure 4. Outgroup and admixture-f3 statistics for the Ewenki. (A) Outgroup-f3 values of the form f3 (Modern Northeast Asian, Ewenki; Mbuti) were calculated using the HO_Illumina datasets to quantify the shared genetic drift with contemporary Northeast Asians; (B) Admixture-f3 tests of the form f3 (Modern Northeast Asian 1, Modern Northeast Asian 2; Ewenki) were employed to detect signals of Ewenki ancestry derived from pairs of modern Northeast Asian populations; (C) Outgroup-f3 statistics of the form f3 (Ancient Northeast Asian, Ewenki; Mbuti) were computed to evaluate the genetic affinities between the Ewenki and ancient Northeast Asian groups; (D) Admixture-f3 analyses of the form f3 (Ancient Northeast Asian 1, Ancient Northeast Asian 2; Ewenki) identify significant mixture events; notably negative values (Z < -3) suggest that the Ewenki can be modeled as a blend of two ancestral sources (source 1 and source 2), which are highlighted with an asterisk (*) to denote statistically significant admixture.