fig3

Figure 3. Mean concentration of 30 TDCs in road dust from various functional areas. Error bars are omitted for clarity; concentration ranges for each compound are available in Supplementary Table 7. TDCs: Tire-derived chemicals; PPDs: p-phenylenediamines; PPD-Qs: quinone conversion products of p-phenylenediamines; BTs: benzothiazoles; Others: other TDCs; IPPD: 1-N,4-N-diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine; CPPD: 2-anilino-5-(4-methylpentan-2-ylamino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione; DTPD: 2-(cyclohexylamino)-5-(phenylamino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione; DPPD: 1-N-cyclohexyl-4-N-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine; 6PPD: 4-N-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-1-N-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine; DNPD: 1-N,4-N-dinaphthalen-2-ylbenzene-1,4-diamine; IPPD-Q: 2-anilino-5-(propan-2-ylamino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione; DTPD-Q: 1-N-phenyl-4-N-propan-2-ylbenzene-1,4-diamine; 6PPD-Q: 2,5-dianilinocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione; BLE: 9,9-dimethyl-10H-acridine; DM: 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yldisulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole; TBBS: N-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-2-methylpropan-2-amine; NOBS: 4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)morpholine; DCBS: N-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-N-cyclohexylcyclohexanamine; CBS: N-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine; BTH: 1,3-benzothiazole; BT: 2H-benzotriazole; 2-ABTH: 1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine; 2-OH-BTH: 3H-1,3-benzothiazol-2-one; 2-Me-S-BTH: 2-methylsulfanyl-1,3-benzothiazole; 2-Me-BTH: 2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazole; DCA: N-cyclohexyl-N-methylcyclohexanamine; TMTD: dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate; RD: 2,2,4-trimethyl-1H-quinoline; HMMM: hexa(methoxymethyl)melamine; DPG: 1,2-diphenylguanidine; DPU: 1,3-diphenylurea; DCU: 1,3-dicyclohexylurea; 4-HDPA: 4-anilinophenol.