REFERENCES
1. Hussain M, Fizazi K, Shore ND, et al. Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer and combination treatment outcomes: a review. JAMA Oncol. 2024;10:807-20.
2. Cheng Q, Butler W, Zhou Y, et al. Pre-existing castration-resistant prostate cancer-like cells in primary prostate cancer promote resistance to hormonal therapy. Eur Urol. 2022;81:446-55.
3. Stanbrough M, Bubley GJ, Ross K, et al. Increased expression of genes converting adrenal androgens to testosterone in androgen-independent prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2006;66:2815-25.
4. Fritzsche FR, Jung M, Tölle A, et al. ADAM9 expression is a significant and independent prognostic marker of PSA relapse in prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2008;54:1097-106.
5. Sung SY, Kubo H, Shigemura K, et al. Oxidative stress induces ADAM9 protein expression in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2006;66:9519-26.
6. Josson S, Anderson CS, Sung SY, et al. Inhibition of ADAM9 expression induces epithelial phenotypic alterations and sensitizes human prostate cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapy. Prostate. 2011;71:232-40.
7. Le TT, Hsieh CL, Lin IH, et al. The ADAM9/UBN2/AKR1C3 axis promotes resistance to androgen-deprivation in prostate cancer. Am J Cancer Res. 2022;12:176-97.
8. Zhang J, Chen B, Gan C, Sun H, Zhang J, Feng L. A comprehensive review of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs): mechanism, therapeutic targets, and delivery strategies for cancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine. 2023;18:7605-35.
9. Chen H, Yao H, Chi J, et al. Engineered exosomes as drug and RNA co-delivery system: new hope for enhanced therapeutics? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023;11:1254356.
10. Bakht MK, Yamada Y, Ku SY, et al. Landscape of prostate-specific membrane antigen heterogeneity and regulation in AR-positive and AR-negative metastatic prostate cancer. Nat Cancer. 2023;4:699-715.
11. Tagawa ST, Milowsky MI, Morris M, et al. Phase II study of Lutetium-177-labeled anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen monoclonal antibody J591 for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19:5182-91.
12. Muñoz-López P, Ribas-Aparicio RM, Becerra-Báez EI, et al. Single-Chain fragment variable: recent progress in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Cancers. 2022;14:4206.
13. Gao K, Xi W, Ni J, et al. Genetically modified extracellular vesicles loaded with activated gasdermin D potentially inhibit prostate-specific membrane antigen-positive prostate carcinoma growth and enhance immunotherapy. Biomaterials. 2025;315:122894.
14. Hung SC, Yang DM, Chang CF, et al. Immortalization without neoplastic transformation of human mesenchymal stem cells by transduction with HPV16 E6/E7 genes. Int J Cancer. 2004;110:313-9.
15. Silver DA, Pellicer I, Fair WR, Heston WD, Cordon-Cardo C. Prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in normal and malignant human tissues. Clin Cancer Res. 1997;3:81-5.
16. Alvarez-Erviti L, Seow Y, Yin H, Betts C, Lakhal S, Wood MJ. Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes. Nat Biotechnol. 2011;29:341-5.
17. Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O'Driscoll L, et al. ; MISEV Consortium. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): from basic to advanced approaches. J Extracell Vesicles. 2024;13:e12404.
18. Horoszewicz JS, Leong SS, Chu TM, et al. The LNCaP cell line--a new model for studies on human prostatic carcinoma. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1980;37:115-32.
19. Dehm SM, Schmidt LJ, Heemers HV, Vessella RL, Tindall DJ. Splicing of a novel androgen receptor exon generates a constitutively active androgen receptor that mediates prostate cancer therapy resistance. Cancer Res. 2008;68:5469-77.
20. Huang F, Li K, Shevach JW, Wang Q. Emerging therapies to overcome antiandrogen resistance and beyond in lethal prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Cent. 2026;6:42-57.
21. Hu B, Zhong L, Weng Y, et al. Therapeutic siRNA: state of the art. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5:101.
22. Kwok ZH, Wang C, Jin Y. Extracellular vesicle transportation and uptake by recipient cells: a critical process to regulate human diseases. Processes. 2021;9:273.
23. Rajasekaran SA, Anilkumar G, Oshima E, et al. A novel cytoplasmic tail MXXXL motif mediates the internalization of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Mol Biol Cell. 2003;14:4835-45.
24. Severic M, Ma G, Pereira SGT, Ruiz A, Cheung CCL, Al-Jamal WT. Genetically-engineered anti-PSMA exosome mimetics targeting advanced prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. J Control Release. 2021;330:101-10.
25. Yu P, Zhang X, Liu N, Tang L, Peng C, Chen X. Pyroptosis: mechanisms and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021;6:128.
26. Do AD, Chu SS, Giang LH, et al. Delivery of LOXL1-AS1-siRNAs using targeting peptide-engineered extracellular vesicles with focused ultrasound to suppress medulloblastoma metastasis. J Nanobiotechnology. 2025;23:460.
27. Rahimi Tesiye M, Abrishami Kia Z, Rajabi-Maham H. Mesenchymal stem cells and prostate cancer: a concise review of therapeutic potentials and biological aspects. Stem Cell Res. 2022;63:102864.
28. Bakht MK, Derecichei I, Li Y, et al. Neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer leads to PSMA suppression. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2018;26:131-46.
29. Ozay ZI, Hage Chehade C, Gebrael G, et al. Antibody-drug conjugates in prostate cancer: current landscape and future directions. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2026;18:17588359261424672.
