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Figure 1. Strategies for tracking extracellular vesicles in vivo. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be extracted from the culture medium of donor cells or genetically modified cells by centrifugation. EVs can be modified to contain luciferase (NanoLuc, GFP, mCherry), fluorescent dyes (PKH67, DiD, DiR, MEMGlow, CSFE), and radionuclide labeling (^99mTc-HMPAO, ^99mTc-AnnV, 111Indium) for injection into animals for easy tracking. There are many imaging methods that can be used to track EVs in vivo, such as bioluminescence imaging (BLI), fluorescence imaging (FI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). Therefore, the in vivo tracing strategy of EVs is a key means to elucidate the biological mechanism of EV therapy. Created By Biorender.