fig9

Figure 9. (A) The structure of ABO₃ perovskite oxide (where A is a rare earth or an alkali, blue; B is a transition metal, olive; and O is oxygen, red); (B) Polarization curves of BSCF, Pr_0.5BSCF and commercial Pt/C catalysts. The background HER activity of a conductive-carbon-supported GC electrode is shown for reference; (C) Raman spectra of BSCF and Pr_0.5BSCF. This figure is quoted with permission from Xu et al.^[99]; (D) Schematic illustration of the one-step electrodeposition for Ni-Ce-Pr-Ho catalyst. This figure is quoted with permission from Liu et al.^[100]; (E) HER LSV curves of various electrocatalysts. This figure is quoted with permission from Xu et al.^[101]; (F) Schematic of the AEMWE; G: Polarization curve in AEMWE. This figure is quoted with permission from Liu et al.^[102]. RHE: Reversible hydrogen electrode; NF: nickel foam; BSCF: Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-σ; HER: hydrogen evolution reaction; LSV: linear sweep voltammetry; AEMWE: anion exchange membrane water electrolysis.