fig9

Figure 9. (A) EDS maps of Li anode after 100 cycles; (B) Schematic illustration of mechanism of La(NO₃)₃ as electrolyte additive. The Figures are quoted with permission from Liu et al.^[148]; (C) HUMO and LUMO profiles of Li⁺ NO₃, Y ³⁺NO₃, DOL, DME, and TFSI^-; (D) In-situ electrochemical deposition optical images of Li/Li symmetrical battery with 1% Y(NO₃)₃ as electrolyte additive; (E) Schematic illustration of uniform deposition enhanced by Y(NO₃)₃ as electrolyte additive. The figures are quoted with permission from Hao et al.^[149]; (F) FTIR spectra of Li₂S₆ in DME/DOL and DME/DOL with Nd(OTf)₃; (G) Comparison CV tests of Nd(OTf)₃ as symmetrical battery electrolyte additive; (H) XPS S 2p plot of cycled Li anode with Nd(OTf)₃ as electrolyte additive. The figures are quoted with permission from Yen et al.^[150]. EDS: Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; HUMO: highest occupied molecular orbital; LUMO: lowest unoccupied molecular orbital; DOL: 1,3-dioxolane; Y(NO₃)₃: yttrium nitrate; DME: dimethyl ether; TFSI^-: bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion; FTIR: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Nd(OTf)₃: neodymium trifluoromethanesulfonate; CV: cyclic voltammetry; XPS: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.