REFERENCES

1. Li, J.; Fleetwood, J.; Hawley, W. B.; Kays, W. From materials to cell: state-of-the-art and prospective technologies for lithium-ion battery electrode processing. Chem. Rev. 2022, 122, 903-56.

2. Shen, X.; Zhang, X.; Ding, F.; et al. Advanced electrode materials in lithium batteries: retrospect and prospect. Energy. Mater. Adv. 2021, 2021, 1205324.

3. Ge, M.; Cao, C.; Biesold, G. M.; et al. Recent advances in silicon-based electrodes: from fundamental research toward practical applications. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, e2004577.

4. Wang, L.; Yu, J.; Li, S.; et al. Recent advances in interface engineering of silicon anodes for enhanced lithium-ion battery performance. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2024, 66, 103243.

5. Sun, L.; Liu, Y.; Wang, L.; Jin, Z. Advances and future prospects of micro-silicon anodes for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries: a comprehensive review. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2024, 34, 2403032.

6. Kim, N.; Kim, Y.; Sung, J.; Cho, J. Issues impeding the commercialization of laboratory innovations for energy-dense Si-containing lithium-ion batteries. Nat. Energy. 2023, 8, 921-33.

7. Jin, B.; Liao, L.; Shen, X.; et al. Advancement in research on silicon/carbon composite anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Metals 2025, 15, 386.

8. He, Z.; Zhang, C.; Zhu, Z.; Yu, Y.; Zheng, C.; Wei, F. Advances in carbon nanotubes and carbon coatings as conductive networks in silicon-based anodes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2024, 34, 2408285.

9. Park, B. H.; Jeong, J. H.; Lee, G.; Kim, Y.; Roh, K. C.; Kim, K. Highly conductive carbon nanotube micro-spherical network for high-rate silicon anode. J. Power. Sources. 2018, 394, 94-101.

10. Dressler, R. A.; Dahn, J. R. Optimization of Si-containing and SiO based anodes with single-walled carbon nanotubes for high energy density applications. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2024, 171, 030520.

11. Zhang, H.; Zhang, X.; Jin, H.; et al. A robust hierarchical 3D Si/CNTs composite with void and carbon shell as Li-ion battery anodes. Chem. Eng. J. 2019, 360, 974-81.

12. Kim, K.; Moon, D.; Jo, M.; Ahn, H. Carbon nanotube-interlocked Si/CNF self-supporting electrode using continuable spraying architecture system for flexible lithium-ion batteries. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2024, 656, 159663.

13. Wang, H.; Nie, G.; Wang, Z.; et al. Carbon nanofibers with uniformly embedded silicon nanoparticles as self-standing anode for high-performance lithium-ion battery. Colloids. Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 2023, 671, 131653.

14. Hong, J.; Zhang, J.; Li, X.; Guo, Y.; Zhou, X.; Liu, Z. Graphene-wrapped composites of si nanoparticles, carbon nanofibers, and pyrolytic carbon as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. ACS. Appl. Nano. Mater. 2023, 6, 10138-47.

15. Xu, J.; Yin, Q.; Li, X.; et al. Spheres of graphene and carbon nanotubes embedding silicon as mechanically resilient anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Nano. Lett. 2022, 22, 3054-61.

16. Li, Y.; Yan, K.; Lee, H.; Lu, Z.; Liu, N.; Cui, Y. Growth of conformal graphene cages on micrometre-sized silicon particles as stable battery anodes. Nat. Energy. 2016, 1, 15029.

17. Xu, Q.; Sun, J.; Li, J.; Yin, Y.; Guo, Y. Scalable synthesis of spherical Si/C granules with 3D conducting networks as ultrahigh loading anodes in lithium-ion batteries. Energy. Storage. Mater. 2018, 12, 54-60.

18. Chen, H.; Hou, X.; Chen, F.; et al. Milled flake graphite/plasma nano-silicon@carbon composite with void sandwich structure for high performance as lithium ion battery anode at high temperature. Carbon 2018, 130, 433-40.

19. Lee, D.; Kondo, A.; Lee, S.; et al. Controlled swelling behavior and stable cycling of silicon/graphite granular composite for high energy density in lithium ion batteries. J. Power. Sources. 2020, 457, 228021.

20. An, W.; Xiang, B.; Fu, J.; et al. Three-dimensional carbon-coating silicon nanoparticles welded on carbon nanotubes composites for high-stability lithium-ion battery anodes. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2019, 479, 896-902.

21. Li, P.; Hwang, J. Y.; Sun, Y. K. Nano/microstructured silicon-graphite composite anode for high-energy-density Li-ion battery. ACS. Nano. 2019, 13, 2624-33.

22. Xia, H.; Mu, X.; Zhou, J.; et al. Realization of high-capacity coulombic efficiency in sodium alginate/carbon nanotube double network coated Si-anode for lithium-ion batteries. Sust. Mater. Tech. 2024, 40, e00940.

23. Chae, S.; Choi, S. H.; Kim, N.; Sung, J.; Cho, J. Integration of graphite and silicon anodes for the commercialization of high-energy lithium-ion batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2020, 59, 110-35.

24. Abrego-martinez, J. C.; Wang, Y.; Vanpeene, V.; Roué, L. From waste graphite fines to revalorized anode material for Li-ion batteries. Carbon 2023, 209, 118004.

25. Martínez-Criado, G.; Villanova, J.; Tucoulou, R.; et al. ID16B: a hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline at the ESRF for nano-analysis. J. Synchrotron. Radiat. 2016, 23, 344-52.

26. Berg, S.; Kutra, D.; Kroeger, T.; et al. ilastik: interactive machine learning for (bio)image analysis. Nat. Methods. 2019, 16, 1226-32.

27. Schindelin, J.; Arganda-Carreras, I.; Frise, E.; et al. Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat. Methods. 2012, 9, 676-82.

28. Tranchot, A.; Idrissi, H.; Thivel, P. X.; Roué, L. Impact of the slurry pH on the expansion/contraction behavior of silicon/carbon/carboxymethylcellulose electrodes for Li-ion batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2016, 163, A1020-6.

29. Liu, X. H.; Zhong, L.; Huang, S.; Mao, S. X.; Zhu, T.; Huang, J. Y. Size-dependent fracture of silicon nanoparticles during lithiation. ACS. Nano. 2012, 6, 1522-31.

30. Raccichini, R.; Amores, M.; Hinds, G. Critical review of the use of reference electrodes in li-ion batteries: a diagnostic perspective, batteries. Batteries 2019, 5, 12.

31. Zhang, W.; Fang, L.; Yue, M.; Yu, Z. Improved electrochemical performance of modified natural graphite anode for lithium secondary batteries. J. Power. Sources. 2007, 174, 766-9.

32. Lin, Z.; Liu, T.; Ai, X.; Liang, C. Aligning academia and industry for unified battery performance metrics. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 5262.

33. Müller, J.; Michalowski, P.; Kwade, A. Impact of silicon content and particle size in lithium-ion battery anodes on particulate properties and electrochemical performance. Batteries 2023, 9, 377.

34. Wu, F.; Dong, Y.; Su, Y.; et al. Benchmarking the effect of particle size on silicon anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Small 2023, 19, e2301301.

35. Zhang, Z.; Sun, S.; Zhang, W.; et al. Internally inflated core-buffer-shell structural Si/EG/C composites as high-performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Sci. China. Mater. 2022, 65, 2949-57.

36. Shih, J.; Chen, Y.; James Li, Y.; et al. Suppressed volume change of a spray-dried 3D spherical-like Si/graphite composite anode for high-rate and long-term lithium-ion batteries. ACS. Sustainable. Chem. Eng. 2022, 10, 12706-20.

37. Li, M.; Hou, X.; Sha, Y.; et al. Facile spray-drying/pyrolysis synthesis of core–shell structure graphite/silicon-porous carbon composite as a superior anode for Li-ion batteries. J. Power. Sources. 2014, 248, 721-8.

38. Wu, H.; Zheng, L.; Du, N.; et al. Constructing densely compacted graphite/Si/SiO2 ternary composite anodes for high-performance Li-ion batteries. ACS. Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2021, 13, 22323-31.

39. Luo, H.; Wang, Q.; Wang, Y.; et al. Nano-silicon embedded in MOFs-derived nitrogen-doped carbon/cobalt/carbon nanotubes hybrid composite for enhanced lithium ion storage. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2020, 529, 147134.

40. Hao, Y.; Yang, X.; Gao, Y.; et al. High-toughness design of micron-sized silicon/carbon composite as practical anode for lithium-ion batteries. Chem. Eng. J. 2025, 515, 163258.

41. Jin, D.; Yang, X.; Ou, Y.; et al. Thermal pyrolysis of Si@ZIF-67 into Si@N-doped CNTs towards highly stable lithium storage. Sci. Bull. 2020, 65, 452-9.

42. Meng, K.; Guo, H.; Wang, Z.; et al. Self-assembly of porous-graphite/silicon/carbon composites for lithium-ion batteries. Powder. Technol. 2014, 254, 403-6.

43. Pham, T. K.; Snook, G. A.; Glass, D.; Ellis, A. V. Lithium-ion diffusion behaviour in silicon nanoparticle/graphite blended anodes. J. Power. Sources. 2025, 638, 236623.

44. Olson, J. Z.; López, C. M.; Dickinson, E. J. F. Differential analysis of galvanostatic cycle data from li-ion batteries: interpretative insights and graphical heuristics. Chem. Mater. 2023, 35, 1487-513.

45. Nguyen, Q. A.; Haridas, A. K.; Terlier, T.; Biswal, S. L. Prelithiation effects in enhancing silicon-based anodes for full-cell lithium-ion batteries using stabilized lithium metal particles. ACS. Appl. Energy. Mater. 2023, 6, 5567-79.

46. Karkar, Z.; Guyomard, D.; Roué, L.; Lestriez, B. A comparative study of polyacrylic acid (PAA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binders for Si-based electrodes. Electrochim. Acta. 2017, 258, 453-66.

47. Karkar, Z.; Mazouzi, D.; Hernandez, C. R.; Guyomard, D.; Roué, L.; Lestriez, B. Threshold-like dependence of silicon-based electrode performance on active mass loading and nature of carbon conductive additive. Electrochim. Acta. 2016, 215, 276-88.

48. Cao, Z.; Zheng, X.; Qu, Q.; Huang, Y.; Zheng, H. Electrolyte design enabling a high-safety and high-performance Si anode with a tailored electrode-electrolyte interphase. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, e2103178.

49. Wang, H.; Chao, Y.; Li, J.; et al. What is the real origin of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the performance enhancement of Si-based anodes? J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146, 17041-53.

50. Li, H.; Yao, B.; Li, M.; et al. Three-dimensional carbon nanotubes buffering interfacial stress of the silicon/carbon anodes for long-cycle lithium storage. ACS. Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2024, 16, 53665-74.

51. Kawabe, N.; Nakata, Y.; Kashiki, S.; et al. Low-elasticity SW-/MW-CNT hybrid binder for enhanced cycling stability in SiOx-based lithium-ion battery anodes. ACS. Appl. Energy. Mater. 2025, 8, 10717-28.

52. Wang, Y.; Abrego-martinez, J. C.; Barry, A. Y.; Quéméré, S.; Roué, L. Revalorization of graphite fines via carbon nanotube integration for sustainable fast-charging Li-ion battery anodes. J. Power. Sources. 2025, 659, 238445.

53. Chae, S.; Xu, Y.; Yi, R.; et al. A micrometer-sized silicon/carbon composite anode synthesized by impregnation of petroleum pitch in nanoporous silicon. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, e2103095.

54. Zhang, D.; Lu, J.; Pei, C.; Ni, S. Electrochemical activation, sintering, and reconstruction in energy-storage technologies: origin, development, and prospects. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2022, 12, 2103689.

55. Hovington, P.; Dontigny, M.; Guerfi, A.; et al. In situ scanning electron microscope study and microstructural evolution of nano silicon anode for high energy Li-ion batteries. J. Power. Sources. 2014, 248, 457-64.

56. Luo, L.; Wu, J.; Luo, J.; Huang, J.; Dravid, V. P. Dynamics of electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of graphene-encapsulated silicon nanoparticles studied by in-situ TEM. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 3863.

Energy Materials
ISSN 2770-5900 (Online)
Follow Us

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/