fig16

Figure 16. (A) Material characterization. (a) Illustration of Bi-NTs synthesis. (b) TEM image and (c) SEM image of Cu-NWs. (d) XRD powder patterns of Cu-NWs and Bi-NTs. (e and f) TEM images, (g) SEM image, and (h) HRTEM image of Bi-NTs. (i) Elemental mapping and EDS spectrum of Bi-NTs. (B) (a) Rate performance of Bi-NTs, Bi-NPs, and commercial bulk Bi. (b) Comparison of rate performance of Bi-NTs with many previously reported Bi-based anodes for SIBs. Long-term cycling performance of Bi-NTs at (c) 20 A g^-1 and (d) 50 A g^-1. (C) In-situ TEM analysis of a single Bi-NT. (a) Schematic representation of the in-situ nano-battery used and (b) morphological evolution of Bi-NT during cycling. Time-lapse TEM imaging of a single Bi-NT during the first (c) sodiation and (d) desodiation steps. (D) In-situ XRD study of the Bi-NT electrode during (dis)charge. (a) In-situ XRD contour plot, (b) In-situ XRD patterns and (c) Charge/discharge profiles of the Bi-NT electrode during initial and second (dis)charge steps. Reproduced with permission from^[204]. Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society.