fig8

From: Supported noble metal catalysts for complete propane oxidation: structure-activity relationships and reaction mechanisms

Figure 8. (A) Catalytic activity for the total oxidation of propane on Ru/Al₂O₃ and Ru/CeO₂ catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[114]; (B) Correlation between TOF (at 155 °C) and oxygen vacancy concentration of catalysts for propane oxidation. Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[65]; (C) Schematic illustration of the chemical states of Ru active sites on catalysts Ru/Ce@Co and Ru/CeO₂. Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[62]; (D) Illustration of the preparation procedures for the Ru-CeO₂-x and Ru/CeO₂-x catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref.^[63]. TOF: Turnover frequency; TPD: temperature-programmed desorption; XPS: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.