REFERENCES

1. Coelho FDS, Barros DE, Santos FA, et al. Minimally invasive esophagectomy versus open esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2021;47:2742-8.

2. Walshaw J, Huo B, Mcclean A, et al. Innovation in gastrointestinal surgery: the evolution of minimally invasive surgery - a narrative review. Front Surg. 2023;10:1193486.

3. D’Hondt M, Devooght A, Willems E, et al. Transition from laparoscopic to robotic liver surgery: clinical outcomes, learning curve effect, and cost-effectiveness. J Robot Surg. 2023;17:1405.

4. Burghgraef TA, Sikkenk DJ, Crolla RMPH, et al. Assessing the learning curve of robot-assisted total mesorectal excision: a multicenter study considering procedural safety, pathological safety, and efficiency. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023;38:9.

5. Liu R, Abu Hilal M, Besselink MG, et al. International consensus guidelines on robotic pancreatic surgery in 2023. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2024;13:89-104.

6. Janjua H, Cousin-Peterson E, Barry TM, Kuo MC, Baker MS, Kuo PC. The paradox of the robotic approach to inguinal hernia repair in the inpatient setting. Am J Surg. 2020;219:497-501.

7. Solaini L, Cavaliere D, Avanzolini A, Rocco G, Ercolani G. Robotic versus laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Robot Surg. 2022;16:775-81.

8. Yavuz Y, Ystgaard B, Skogvoll E, Mårvik R. A comparative experimental study evaluating the performance of surgical robots aesop and endosista. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2000;10:163-7.

9. Kunisaki C, Hatori S, Imada T, et al. Video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy with a voice-controlled robot: the AESOP system. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2004;14:323-7.

10. Mettler L, Ibrahim M, Jonat W. One year of experience working with the aid of a robotic assistant (the voice-controlled optic holder AESOP) in gynaecological endoscopic surgery. Hum Reprod. 1998;13:2748-50.

11. Allaf ME, Jackman SV, Schulam PG, et al. Laparoscopic visual field. Voice vs foot pedal interfaces for control of the AESOP robot. Surg Endosc. 1998;12:1415-8.

12. Jacobs LK, Shayani V, Sackier JM. Determination of the learning curve of the AESOP robot. Surg Endosc. 1997;11:54-5.

13. Long JA, Cinquin P, Troccaz J, et al. Development of miniaturized light endoscope-holder robot for laparoscopic surgery. J Endourol. 2007;21:911-4.

14. Aiono S, Gilbert JM, Soin B, Finlay PA, Gordan A. Controlled trial of the introduction of a robotic camera assistant (EndoAssist) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 2002;16:1267-70.

15. Kommu SS, Rimington P, Anderson C, Rané A. Initial experience with the EndoAssist camera-holding robot in laparoscopic urological surgery. J Robotic Surg. 2007;1:133-7.

16. Voros S, Haber GP, Menudet JF, Long JA, Cinquin P. ViKY robotic scope holder: initial clinical experience and preliminary results using instrument tracking. IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron. 2010;15:879-86.

17. Wijsman PJM, Broeders IAMJ, Brenkman HJ, et al. First experience with THE AUTOLAP^TM SYSTEM: an image-based robotic camera steering device. Surg Endosc. 2018;32:2560-6.

18. Cadière GB, Himpens J, Poras M, Pau L, Boyer N, Cadière B. First human surgery using a surgical assistance robotics device for laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Surg Endosc. 2023;37:7812-8.

19. Cadière GB, Himpens J, Poras M, Boyer N, Cadière B. Feasibility and safety study of the use of a new robot (Maestro^TM) for laparoscopic surgery. Obes Surg. 2024;34:3561-8.

20. Gumbs A, Diana M, Rawicz-Prusyński K, et al. AIONS Consensus Conference on Definitions of Artificial Intelligence Surgery, Surgomics and Robotics. Art Int Surg. 2026;6:98-113.

21. den Boer KT, Bruijn M, Jaspers J, et al. Time-action analysis of instrument positioners in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 2002;16:142-7.

22. Takahashi M, Takahashi M, Nishinari N, et al. Clinical evaluation of complete solo surgery with the “ViKY^®” robotic laparoscope manipulator. Surg Endosc. 2017;31:981-6.

23. Cawich SO, Plummer JM, Griffith S, Naraynsingh V. Colorectal resections for malignancy: a pilot study comparing conventional vs freehand robot-assisted laparoscopic colectomy. World J Clin Cases. 2024;12:488-94.

24. Ohmura Y, Suzuki H, Kotani K, Teramoto A. Comparative effectiveness of human scope assistant versus robotic scope holder in laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer. Surg Endosc. 2019;33:2206-16.

25. Proske JM, Dagher I, Franco D. Comparative study of human and robotic camera control in laparoscopic biliary and colon surgery. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2004;14:345-8.

26. Samar AM, Bond A, Ranaboldo C. Comparison of FreeHand^® robot-assisted with human-assisted laparoscopic fundoplication. Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2022;31:24-7.

27. Kim JS, Park WC, Lee JH. Comparison of short-term outcomes of laparoscopic-assisted colon cancer surgery using a joystick-guided endoscope holder (Soloassist II) or a human assistant. Ann Coloproctol. 2019;35:181-6.

28. Wijsman PJM, Voskens FJ, Molenaar L, et al. Efficiency in image-guided robotic and conventional camera steering: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Surg Endosc. 2022;36:2334-40.

29. Ohmura Y, Nakagawa M, Suzuki H, Kotani K, Teramoto A. Feasibility and usefulness of a joystick-guided robotic scope holder (soloassist) in laparoscopic surgery. Visc Med. 2018;34:37-44.

30. Kalteis M, Pistrich R, Schimetta W, Pölz W. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy as solo surgery with the aid of a robotic camera holder: a case-control study. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2007;17:277-82.

31. Ohmura Y, Suzuki H, Kotani K, Teramoto A. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with a joystick-guided robotic scope holder (Soloassist II^®): retrospective comparative study with human assistant. Langenbeck Arch Surg. 2019;404:495-503.

32. Kania P, Salagierski M. Preliminary results of using a voice-controlled robotic camera driver during 3D laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Cent European J Urol. 2018;71:394-8.

33. Tran H. Robotic single-port hernia surgery. JSLS. 2011;15:309-14.

34. Gillen S, Pletzer B, Heiligensetzer A, et al. Solo-surgical laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a joystick-guided camera device: a case-control study. Surg Endosc. 2014;28:164-70.

35. Kraft BM, Jäger C, Kraft K, Leibl BJ, Bittner R. The AESOP robot system in laparoscopic surgery: increased risk or advantage for surgeon and patient? Surg Endosc. 2004;18:1216-23.

36. Furukawa S, Wakiyama K, Okamura K, Noshiro H. Usefulness of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair using the Endoscope Manipulator Robot (EMARO). Hernia. 2024;28:1461-5.

37. Wijsman PJM, Molenaar L, Van’t Hullenaar CDP, et al. Ergonomics in handheld and robot-assisted camera control: a randomized controlled trial. Surg Endosc. 2019;33:3919-25.

38. Tchartchian G, Dietzel J, Bojahr B, Hackethal A, De Wilde R. Decreasing strain on the surgeon in gynecologic minimally invasive surgery by using semi‐active robotics. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2011;112:72-5.

39. Lee A, Baker TS, Bederson JB, Rapoport BI. Levels of autonomy in FDA-cleared surgical robots: a systematic review. NPJ Digit Med. 2024;7:103.

40. Gilbert JM. The EndoAssist^TM robotic camera holder as an aid to the introduction of laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2009;91:389-93.

41. Sbaih M, Arulampalam THA, Motson RW. Rate of skill acquisition in the use of a robotic laparoscope holder (FreeHand^®). Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2016;25:196-202.

42. Maheshwari M, Ind T. Concurrent use of a robotic uterine manipulator and a robotic laparoscope holder to achieve assistant-less solo laparoscopy: the double ViKY. J Robot Surg. 2015;9:211-3.

43. Akrivos N, Barton-Smith P. A pilot study of robotic uterine and vaginal vault manipulation: the ViKY Uterine Positioner^TM. J Robot Surg. 2013;7:371-5.

44. Buess GF, Arezzo A, Schurr MO, et al. A new remote-controlled endoscope positioning system for endoscopic solo surgery: the FIPS endoarm. Surg Endosc. 2000;14:395-9.

45. Mirbagheri A, Farahmand F, Meghdari A, Karimian F. Design and development of an effective low-cost robotic cameraman for laparoscopic surgery: RoboLens. Sci Iran. 2011;18:105-14.

46. Herman B, Duy KT, Dehez B, et al. Development and first in vivo trial of EvoLap, an active laparoscope positioner. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2009;16:344-9.

47. Gonzalez AN, Eilender BM, Cadeddu JA. Dual robotic surgery: Da Vinci SP^® and Levita^® MARS (magnetic-assisted robotic surgery) platforms. J Robot Surg. 2025;19:70.

48. Uchal M, Haughn C, Raftopoulos Y, et al. Robotic camera holder as good as expert camera holder: a randomized crossover trial. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2009;19:272-5.

49. Kondraske GV, Hamilton EC, Scott DJ, et al. Surgeon workload and motion efficiency with robot and human laparoscopic camera control. Surg Endosc. 2002;16:1523-7.

50. Mercoli H, Tzedakis S, Cadière B, et al. Safety and feasibility of solo surgery using a novel robotic platform: an IDEAL 2a development study. Surg Endosc. 2026;40:300-6.

51. McCulloch P, Altman DG, Campbell WB, et al. No surgical innovation without evaluation: the IDEAL recommendations. Lancet. 2009;374:1105-12.

52. Hirst A, Philippou Y, Blazeby J, et al. No surgical innovation without evaluation: evolution and further development of the IDEAL framework and recommendations. Ann Surg. 2019;269:211-20.