REFERENCES
1. Pandolfino JE, El-Serag HB, Zhang Q, Shah N, Ghosh SK, Kahrilas PJ. Obesity: a challenge to esophagogastric junction integrity. Gastroenterology. 2006;130:639-49.
2. Valezi AC, Herbella FAM, Schlottmann F, Patti MG. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in obese patients. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2018;28:949-52.
3. Sucandy I, Chrestiana D, Bonanni F, Antanavicius G. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity. the importance of preoperative evaluation and selection. N Am J Med Sci. 2015;7:189-93.
4. Campos GM, Khoraki J, Browning MG, Pessoa BM, Mazzini GS, Wolfe L. Changes in utilization of bariatric surgery in the United States from 1993 to 2016. Ann Surg. 2020;271:201-9.
5. Arterburn DE, Telem DA, Kushner RF, Courcoulas AP. Benefits and risks of bariatric surgery in adults: a review. JAMA. 2020;324:879-87.
6. Clapp B, Ponce J, DeMaria E, et al. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery 2020 estimate of metabolic and bariatric procedures performed in the United States. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2022;18:1134-40.
7. Pletch A, Lidor A. GERD after bariatric surgery: a review of the underlying causes and recommendations for management. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2024;26:99-106.
8. Alqahtani AR, Elahmedi M, Amro N, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as day-case surgery versus conventional hospitalization: results of the DAYSLEEVE randomized clinical trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2022;18:1141-9.
9. Kheirvari M, Dadkhah Nikroo N, Jaafarinejad H, et al. The advantages and disadvantages of sleeve gastrectomy; clinical laboratory to bedside review. Heliyon. 2020;6:e03496.
10. Schlottmann F, Herbella FAM, Patti MG. Bariatric surgery and gastroesophageal reflux. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2018;28:953-5.
11. Gyawali CP, Yadlapati R, Fass R, et al. Updates to the modern diagnosis of GERD: Lyon consensus 2.0. Gut. 2024;73:361-71.
12. Richter JE, Rubenstein JH. Presentation and epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology. 2018;154:267-76.
13. Rubenstein JH, Sawas T, Wani S, et al. AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on endoscopic eradication therapy of Barrett’s esophagus and related neoplasia. Gastroenterology. 2024;166:1020-55.
14. Braghetto I, Lanzarini E, Korn O, Valladares H, Molina JC, Henriquez A. Manometric changes of the lower esophageal sphincter after sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients. Obes Surg. 2010;20:357-62.
15. Yehoshua RT, Eidelman LA, Stein M, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy - volume and pressure assessment. Obes Surg. 2008;18:1083-8.
16. Genco A, Soricelli E, Casella G, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett’s esophagus after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a possible, underestimated long-term complication. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017;13:568-74.
17. Steenackers N, Vanuytsel T, Augustijns P, et al. Adaptations in gastrointestinal physiology after sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6:225-37.
18. Gala K, Ghusn W, Abu Dayyeh BK. Gut motility and hormone changes after bariatric procedures. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2024;31:131-7.
19. Mion F, Tolone S, Garros A, et al. High-resolution impedance manometry after sleeve gastrectomy: increased intragastric pressure and reflux are frequent events. Obes Surg. 2016;26:2449-56.
20. Greilsamer T, de Montrichard M, Bruley des Varannes S, et al. Hypotonic low esophageal sphincter is not predictive of gastroesophageal reflux disease after sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2020;30:1468-72.
21. Diab AF, Kim A, Remmel S, et al. Antral preservation in sleeve gastrectomy appears to protect against prolonged vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux disease. a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obes Surg. 2023;33:4103-14.
22. Alvarez R, Youssef J, Zadeh J, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy morphology and long-term weight-loss and gastroesophageal reflux disease outcomes. Surg Endosc. 2023;37:5652-64.
23. da Silva JD, Santa-Cruz F, Cavalcanti JMS, et al. Incidence of abnormalities of the gastric tube following sleeve gastrectomy and its role on esophagitis progression. Obes Surg. 2023;33:263-7.
24. Chang DM, Lee WJ, Chen JC, Ser KH, Tsai PL, Lee YC. Thirteen-year experience of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: surgical risk, weight loss, and revision procedures. Obes Surg. 2018;28:2991-7.
25. Berry MA, Urrutia L, Lamoza P, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy outcomes in patients with BMI between 30 and 35-3 years of follow-up. Obes Surg. 2018;28:649-55.
26. DuPree CE, Blair K, Steele SR, Martin MJ. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in patients with preexisting gastroesophageal reflux disease: a national analysis. JAMA Surg. 2014;149:328-34.
27. Ali M, El Chaar M, Ghiassi S, Rogers AM; American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Clinical Issues Committee. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery updated position statement on sleeve gastrectomy as a bariatric procedure. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017;13:1652-7.
28. Oor JE, Roks DJ, Ünlü Ç, Hazebroek EJ. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg. 2016;211:250-67.
29. Thereaux J, Barsamian C, Bretault M, et al. pH monitoring of gastro-oesophageal reflux before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Br J Surg. 2016;103:399-406.
30. Samakar K, McKenzie TJ, Tavakkoli A, Vernon AH, Robinson MK, Shikora SA. The effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with concomitant hiatal hernia repair on gastroesophageal reflux disease in the morbidly obese. Obes Surg. 2016;26:61-6.
31. Salminen P, Helmiö M, Ovaska J, et al. Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on weight loss at 5 years among patients with morbid obesity: the SLEEVEPASS randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018;319:241-54.
32. Peterli R, Wölnerhanssen BK, Peters T, et al. Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on weight loss in patients with morbid obesity: the SM-BOSS randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018;319:255-65.
33. Navarini D, Madalosso CAS, Tognon AP, Fornari F, Barão FR, Gurski RR. Predictive factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease in bariatric surgery: a controlled trial comparing sleeve gastrectomy with gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2020;30:1360-7.
34. Kachornvitaya P, Sornphiphatphong S, Chaivanijchaya K, et al. Comparing long-term outcomes between laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Asian J Surg. 2024;47:5118-23.
35. Trujillo AB, Sagar D, Amaravadhi AR, et al. Incidence of post-operative gastro-esophageal reflux disorder in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Surg. 2024;34:1874-84.
36. Znamirowski P, Kołomańska M, Mazurkiewicz R, Tymchyshyn O, Nawacki Ł. GERD as a complication of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for the treatment of obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pers Med. 2023;13:1243.
37. Dong J, Gu X, El-Serag HB, Thrift AP. Underuse of surgery accounts for racial disparities in esophageal cancer survival times: a matched cohort study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;17:657-65.e13.
38. Yeung KTD, Penney N, Ashrafian L, Darzi A, Ashrafian H. Does sleeve gastrectomy expose the distal esophagus to severe reflux?: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2020;271:257-65.
39. Qumseya BJ, Qumsiyeh Y, Ponniah SA, et al. Barrett’s esophagus after sleeve gastrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2021;93:343-52.e2.
40. ASGE STANDARDS OF PRACTICE COMMITTEE, ASGE Standards of Practice Committee Chair; Qumseya B, Sultan S, Bain P, et al. ASGE guideline on screening and surveillance of Barrett’s esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc. 2019;90:335-59.e2.
41. Platt KD, Schulman AR. Screening for Barrett’s esophagus after sleeve gastrectomy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2021;93:353-5.
42. Kermansaravi M, Amr B, Kabir A, et al. Endoscopic evaluation of de novo esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus, 5 years after sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2023;33:256-62.
43. Campos GM, Mazzini GS, Altieri MS, Docimo S Jr, DeMaria EJ, Rogers AM; Clinical Issues Committee of the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. ASMBS position statement on the rationale for performance of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy before and after metabolic and bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2021;17:837-47.
44. Althuwaini S, Bamehriz F, Aldohayan A, et al. Prevalence and predictors of gastroesophageal reflux disease after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2018;28:916-22.
45. Coupaye M, Gorbatchef C, Calabrese D, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux after sleeve gastrectomy: a prospective mechanistic study. Obes Surg. 2018;28:838-45.
46. Sethi I, Aicher A, Cheema F, et al. Postoperative outcomes for sleeve gastrectomy patients with positive pH-defined GERD. Surg Endosc. 2023;37:6861-6.
47. El Nakeeb A, Aldossary H, Zaid A, et al. Prevalence, predictors, and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a multicenter cohort study. Obes Surg. 2022;32:3541-50.
48. Tsai YN, Tai CM, Tu HP, Chen JH, Chen CY, Kuo CH. Factors associated with increased severity of erosive esophagitis 1 year after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2022;32:3891-9.
49. Bonaldi M, Rubicondo C, Andreasi V, et al. Role of preoperative high-resolution manometry in the identification of patients at high risk of postoperative GERD symptoms 1 year after sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2023;33:2749-57.
50. Greenberg JA, Palacardo F, Edelmuth RCL, et al. Quantifying physiologic parameters of the gastroesophageal junction during robotic sleeve gastrectomy and identifying predictors of post-sleeve gastroesophageal reflux disease. Surg Endosc. 2023;37:1543-50.
51. Magyar CTJ, Borbély Y, Wiest R, et al. Gastroesophageal junction and pylorus distensibility before and after sleeve gastrectomy-pilot study with EndoFlipTM. Obes Surg. 2023;33:2255-60.
52. Gagner M, Hutchinson C, Rosenthal R. Fifth International Consensus Conference: current status of sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016;12:750-6.
53. Bennett S, Gostimir M, Shorr R, Mallick R, Mamazza J, Neville A. The role of routine preoperative upper endoscopy in bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016;12:1116-25.
54. Parikh M, Liu J, Vieira D, et al. Preoperative endoscopy prior to bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Obes Surg. 2016;26:2961-6.
55. Tolone S, Conzo G, Flagiello L, et al. De novo gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms are infrequent after sleeve gastrectomy at 2-year follow-up using a comprehensive preoperative esophageal assessment. J Clin Med. 2024;13:545.
56. Brown WA, Johari Halim Shah Y, Balalis G, et al. IFSO position statement on the role of esophago-gastro-duodenal endoscopy prior to and after bariatric and metabolic surgery procedures. Obes Surg. 2020;30:3135-53.
57. Borbély Y, Kröll D, Nett PC, Moreno P, Tutuian R, Lenglinger J. Radiologic, endoscopic, and functional patterns in patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14:764-8.
58. Suter M. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, obesity, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: complex relationship - a narrative review. Obes Surg. 2020;30:3178-87.
59. Peristeri DV, Rowdhwal SSS. Persistent gastroesophageal reflux disease after RYGB: what shall we do next? Surg Innov. 2025;32:62-71.
60. Gu L, Chen B, Du N, et al. Relationship between bariatric surgery and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Surg. 2019;29:4105-13.
61. Holmberg D, Santoni G, Xie S, Lagergren J. Gastric bypass surgery in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2019;50:159-66.
62. Pažusis M, Gerasimovič G, Petereit R, Gudaitytė R, Maleckas A. GERD after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: prevalence and risk factors analysis. Medicina. 2024;60:1221.
63. Loo JH, Chue KM, Lim CH, et al. Effectiveness of sleeve gastrectomy plus fundoplication versus sleeve gastrectomy alone for treatment of patients with severe obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2024;20:532-43.
64. Abu Dayyeh BK, Edmundowicz S, Thompson CC. Clinical practice update: expert review on endoscopic bariatric therapies. Gastroenterology. 2017;152:716-29.
65. Abu Dayyeh BK, Bazerbachi F, Vargas EJ, et al; MERIT Study Group. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty for treatment of class 1 and 2 obesity (MERIT): a prospective, multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet. 2022;400:441-51.
66. Beran A, Matar R, Jaruvongvanich V, et al. Comparative effectiveness and safety between endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a meta-analysis of 6775 individuals with obesity. Obes Surg. 2022;32:3504-12.
67. Kermansaravi M, Parmar C, Chiappetta S, et al. Best practice approach for redo-surgeries after sleeve gastrectomy, an expert’s modified Delphi consensus. Surg Endosc. 2023;37:1617-28.
68. Yadlapati R, Gyawali CP, Pandolfino JE; CGIT GERD Consensus Conference Participants. AGA clinical practice update on the personalized approach to the evaluation and management of GERD: expert review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;20:984-94.e1
69. Laine L, DeVault K, Katz P, et al. Vonoprazan versus lansoprazole for healing and maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis: a randomized trial. Gastroenterology. 2023;164:61-71.
70. Uemura N, Kinoshita Y, Haruma K, et al. Vonoprazan as a long-term maintenance treatment for erosive esophagitis: VISION, a 5-year, randomized, open-label study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025;23:748-57.e5.
71. Patel SH, Smith B, Polak R, Pomeranz M, Patel PV, Englehardt R. Laparoscopic magnetic sphincter augmentation device placement for patients with medically-refractory gastroesophageal reflux after sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Endosc. 2022;36:8255-60.
72. Khaitan L, Hill M, Michel M, et al. Feasibility and efficacy of magnetic sphincter augmentation for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease post-sleeve gastrectomy for obesity. Obes Surg. 2023;33:387-96.
73. Lipka S, Kumar A, Richter JE. No evidence for efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13:1058-67.e1.
74. Fass R, Cahn F, Scotti DJ, Gregory DA. Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled and prospective cohort efficacy studies of endoscopic radiofrequency for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Surg Endosc. 2017;31:4865-82.
75. Khidir N, Angrisani L, Al-Qahtani J, Abayazeed S, Bashah M. Initial experience of endoscopic radiofrequency waves delivery to the lower esophageal sphincter (Stretta procedure) on symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease post-sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2018;28:3125-30.
76. Borbély Y, Bouvy N, Schulz HG, Rodriguez LA, Ortiz C, Nieponice A. Electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter to address gastroesophageal reflux disease after sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14:611-5.
77. Turiani Hourneaux de Moura D, Aihara H, Jirapinyo P, et al. Robot-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection versus conventional ESD for colorectal lesions: outcomes of a randomized pilot study in endoscopists without prior ESD experience (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2019;90:290-8.
78. Hathorn KE, Jirapinyo P, Thompson CC. Endoscopic management of gastroesophageal reflux disease after sleeve gastrectomy by use of the antireflux mucosectomy procedure. VideoGIE. 2019;4:251-3.
79. Hany M, Torensma B, Zidan A, et al. Outcomes of primary versus conversional Roux-En-Y gastric bypass after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study. BMC Surg. 2024;24:84.
