REFERENCES
1. Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, et al. ESC/EACTS Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. Eur Heart J 2022;43:561-632.
2. Yadgir S, Johnson CO, Aboyans V, et al. Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Nonrheumatic Valve Disease Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of calcific aortic valve and degenerative mitral valve diseases, 1990-2017. Circulation 2020;141:1670-80.
3. Mangieri A, Montalto C, Poletti E, et al. Thrombotic versus bleeding risk after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: JACC review topic of the week. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019;74:2088-101.
4. Ten Berg J, Sibbing D, Rocca B, et al. Management of antithrombotic therapy in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a consensus document of the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis and the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), in collaboration with the ESC Council on Valvular Heart Disease. Eur Heart J 2021;42:2265-9.
5. Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, et al. Writing Committee Members. 2020 ACC/AHA guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021;77:e25-e197.
6. Mastoris I, Schoos MM, Dangas GD, Mehran R. Stroke after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: incidence, risk factors, prognosis, and preventive strategies. Clin Cardiol 2014;37:756-64.
7. Stortecky S, Windecker S. Stroke: an infrequent but devastating complication in cardiovascular interventions. Circulation 2012;126:2921-4.
8. Van Mieghem NM, Schipper ME, Ladich E, et al. Histopathology of embolic debris captured during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Circulation 2013;127:2194-201.
9. Faroux L, Guimaraes L, Wintzer-Wehekind J, et al. Coronary artery disease and transcatheter aortic valve replacement: JACK state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019;74:362-72.
10. Blanke P, Leipsic JA, Popma JJ, et al. Evolut Low Risk LTI Substudy Investigators. Bioprosthetic aortic valve leaflet thickening in the EVOLUT low risk sub-study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020;75:2430-42.
11. Chakravarty T, Søndergaard L, Friedman J, et al. Subclinical leaflet thrombosis in surgical and transcatheter bioprosthetic aortic valves: an observational study. The Lancet 2017;389:2383-92.
12. Généreux P, Cohen DJ, Mack M, et al. Incidence, predictors, and prognostic impact of late bleeding complications after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;64:2605-15.
13. Makkar RR, Fontana GP, Jilaihawi H, et al. PARTNER Trial Investigators. Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement for inoperable severe aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med 2012;366:1696-704.
14. Mack MJ, Leon MB, Thourani VH, et al. PARTNER 3 Investigators. Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement with a balloon-expandable valve in low-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2019;380:1695-705.
15. Piccolo R, Pilgrim T, Franzone A, et al. Frequency, timing, and impact of access-site and non-access-site bleeding on mortality among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2017;10:1436-46.
16. Maes F, Stabile E, Ussia GP, et al. Meta-analysis comparing single versus dual antiplatelet therapy following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am J Cardiol 2018;122:310-5.
17. Rodés-Cabau J, Masson JB, Welsh RC, et al. Aspirin versus aspirin plus clopidogrel as antithrombotic treatment following transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a balloon-expandable valve: the ARTE (Aspirin Versus Aspirin + Clopidogrel Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) randomized clinical trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2017;10:1357-65.
18. Raheja H, Garg A, Goel S, et al. Comparison of single versus dual antiplatelet therapy after TAVR: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2018;92:783-91.
19. Sherwood MW, Xiang K, Matsouaka R, et al. Incidence, temporal trends, and associated outcomes of vascular and bleeding complications in patients undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement: insights from the society of thoracic surgeons/American college of cardiology transcatheter valve therapies registry. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2020;13:e008227.
20. Ussia GP, Scarabelli M, Mulè M, et al. Dual antiplatelet therapy versus aspirin alone in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am J Cardiol 2011;108:1772-6.
21. Siddamsetti S, Balasubramanian S, Yandrapalli S, et al. Meta-analysis comparing dual antiplatelet therapy versus single antiplatelet therapy following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am J Cardiol 2018;122:1401-8.
22. Al Halabi S, Newman J, Farkouh ME, et al. Meta-analysis of studies comparing dual- versus mono-antiplatelet therapy following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am J Cardiol 2018;122:141-8.
23. Nijenhuis VJ, Ten Berg JM, Hengstenberg C, et al. Usefulness of clopidogrel loading in patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (from the BRAVO-3 Randomized Trial). Am J Cardiol 2019;123:1494-500.
24. Brouwer J, Nijenhuis VJ, Delewi R, et al. Aspirin with or without clopidogrel after transcatheter aortic-valve implantation. N Engl J Med 2020;383:1447-57.
25. Dangas GD, Tijssen JGP, Wöhrle J, et al. GALILEO Investigators. A controlled trial of rivaroxaban after transcatheter aortic-valve replacement. N Engl J Med 2020;382:120-9.
26. Collet JP, Berti S, Cequier A, et al. Oral anti-Xa anticoagulation after trans-aortic valve implantation for aortic stenosis: the randomized ATLANTIS trial. Am Heart J 2018;200:44-50.
27. Collet JP. Oral anti-Xa anticoagulation after trans-aortic valve implantation for aortic stenosis: the randomized ATLANTIS trial. Am Heart J 2018;200:44-50.
28. Rogers T, Shults C, Torguson R, et al. Randomized trial of aspirin versus warfarin after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in low-risk patients. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2021;14:e009983.
29. Brinkert M, Mangner N, Moriyama N, et al. Safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement with continuation of vitamin k antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2021;14:135-44.
30. Abdul-Jawad Altisent O, Durand E, Muñoz-García AJ, et al. Warfarin and antiplatelet therapy versus warfarin alone for treating patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2016;9:1706-17.
31. Geis NA, Kiriakou C, Chorianopoulos E, Pleger ST, Katus HA, Bekeredjian R. Feasibility and safety of vitamin K antagonist monotherapy in atrial fibrillation patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. EuroIntervention 2017;12:2058-66.
32. Geis NA, Kiriakou C, Chorianopoulos E, Uhlmann L, Katus HA, Bekeredjian R. NOAC monotherapy in patients with concomitant indications for oral anticoagulation undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Clin Res Cardiol 2018;107:799-806.
33. Nijenhuis VJ, Brouwer J, Delewi R, et al. Anticoagulation with or without clopidogrel after transcatheter aortic-valve implantation. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1696-707.
34. Didier R, Lhermusier T, Auffret V, et al. STOP-AS and France-TAVI. TAVR patients requiring anticoagulation: direct oral anticoagulant or vitamin k antagonist? JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2021;14:1704-13.
35. Van Mieghem NM, Unverdorben M, Hengstenberg C, et al. Edoxaban versus vitamin k antagonist for atrial fibrillation after TAVR. N Engl J Med 2021;385:2150-60.
36. Jochheim D, Barbanti M, Capretti G, et al. Oral anticoagulant type and outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2019;12:1566-76.
37. Valgimigli M, Bueno H, Byrne RA, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. , ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG)., ESC National Cardiac Societies. 2017 ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS: The Task Force for dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J 2018;39:213-60.
38. Ruel M, Kulik A, Rubens FD, et al. Late incidence and determinants of reoperation in patients with prosthetic heart valves. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004;25:364-70.
39. De Marchena E, Mesa J, Pomenti S, et al. Thrombus formation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2015;8:728-39.
40. Makkar RR, Fontana G, Jilaihawi H, et al. Possible subclinical leaflet thrombosis in bioprosthetic aortic valves. N Engl J Med 2015;373:2015-24.
41. Del Trigo M, Muñoz-Garcia AJ, Wijeysundera HC, et al. Incidence, timing, and predictors of valve hemodynamic deterioration after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: multicenter registry. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;67:644-55.
42. Overtchouk P, Guedeney P, Rouanet S, et al. Long-term mortality and early valve dysfunction according to anticoagulation use: the FRANCE TAVI registry. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019;73:13-21.
43. Montalescot G. Apixaban and valve thrombosis after transcatheter aotic valve implantation: the ATLANTIS 4D-CT substudy. Available from: https://www.crtonline.org/presentation-detail/apixaban-vale-thrombosis-after-transcatheter-aorti [Last accessed on 8 Aug 2022].
44. Backer O, Dangas GD, Jilaihawi H, et al; GALILEO-4D investigators. Reduced leaflet motion after transcatheter aortic-valve replacement. N Engl J Med 2020;382:130-9.
