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Figure 1. Multidimensional Analysis and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women^[5-11]. This chart presents: (1) the multifactorial influences on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in females, including under-recognized risk factors, established risk factors and gender-specific factors; (2) the pathogenesis of CVD outlined from pathophysiological and pathological perspectives; (3) various risk prediction models applicable to females; (4) management strategies for CVD, including the management strategies for women during special periods (menopause, pregnancy). Lp(a): Lipoprotein(a); CAD: coronary artery disease; ASCVD: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease.