fig2

Figure 2. Shared and specific mechanisms of cellular senescence in chronic lung disease. Created in BioRender. Fan S (2025) https://BioRender.com/axpdt6p. PAH: Pulmonary arterial hypertension; IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DDR: DNA damage response; SASP: senescence-associated secretory phenotype; PAECs: pulmonary arterial endothelial cells; PASMCs: pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells; ECM: extracellular matrix; SIPS: stress-induced premature senescence; ECs: endothelial cells; CS: cigarette smoke.