fig2
From: Stem cell-based strategies for vascular aging: from mechanistic insights to clinical translation
Figure 2. Schematic of the vicious circle linking stem cell senescence and vascular dysfunction. Stem cell senescence (impaired EPC/CSCs differentiation, SASP secretion, abnormal ECM) drives vascular pathologies (e.g., arterial changes); in turn, vascular-derived factors (ROS, lipid peroxidation products, etc.) promote stem cell senescence-β. EPC: Endothelial progenitor cell; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; SASP: senescence-associated secretory phenotype; ECM: extracellular matrix; ROS: reactive oxygen species; DNMT1: DNA methyltransferase 1; HDAC1: Histone deacetylase 1; TGF-β: transforming growth factor beta. (By Figdraw, ID: ISAIA3e550).
