fig3

Figure 3. Schematic illustration of the two-stage reconstructive strategy. (A) Following the first stage of tissue expansion, the forehead skin is fully expanded, and the anatomical course of the STA is meticulously mapped; (B) During the second stage, the expanded STA-pedicled island flap is transposed into the anophthalmic socket via a subcutaneous tunnel to restore soft-tissue volume. The donor site is closed directly, leaving a concealed zigzag scar within the temporal hairline. STA: Superficial temporal artery.