fig3

Figure 3. Multiple ways of bilirubin as immunomodulator in neuroinflammation disease. Ahr: aryl hydrocarbron receptor; APC: antigen presenting cell; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; DC: dendritic cell; FcR: Fc receptor; GDNF: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; IFNγ: Interferon γ; IL: interleukin; MHC II: major histocompatibility complex; PI3K/Akt: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; Th: T helper; TCR: T cell receptor