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Figure 1. Correlative function of microglial and astroglial cells in the generation of inflammatory cytokines and neuronal injury. The lead (Pb2+) may contact and trigger microglial and astrocytic activation, enhance inflammatory cytokines and response, increase reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, and finally result in blood‑brain barrier dysfunction, long‑term potentiation inhibition and inflammatory injury of various neurons in the brains
