Volume 5, Issue 3 (2025) – 5 articles
Cover Picture: This study presents a comprehensive review of critical node identification in complex networks across social, traffic, biomolecular, and financial systems. By categorizing techniques into centrality, node deletion, influence maximization, network control, AI-based, higher-order, and dynamic methods, the review systematically analyzes their methodological foundations, strengths, and limitations. Key challenges such as algorithmic universality, real-time evaluation, higher-order structure analysis, and computational efficiency are highlighted. The synthesis provides insights into scalable, interpretable, and machine learning–integrated approaches, offering a roadmap for future research in critical node analysis for complex systems.
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