The synthesis of zirconium-based metal-organic framework mixed-matrix membranes toward molecular separation

With the increasing demand for stable membrane separation materials with potential for industrial applications, extensive research has been conducted on advanced synthesis strategies for zirconium-based metal-organic framework mixed-matrix membranes (Zr-MOF MMMs). Traditional MMMs synthesis strategies face significant challenges, including balancing high loading capacity with mechanical performance, poor interfacial compatibility, low overall uniformity, and high mass transfer resistance, which collectively limit their performance. In this perspective, we summarized a series of advanced synthesis strategies for Zr-MOF MMMs that enhance the upper limit of Zr-MOF loading capacity while maintaining mechanical performance, improving interfacial compatibility and overall uniformity, and reducing mass transfer resistance. Furthermore, we discuss and provide insights into future directions for the synthesis and design of Zr-MOF MMMs.