REFERENCES

1. Li M, Liu Z, Chen Y, Hai Y. Characteristics of iron corrosion scales and water quality variations in drinking water distribution systems of different pipe materials. Water Res 2016;106:593-603.

2. Kuch A. Investigations of the reduction and re-oxidation kinetics of iron(III) oxide scales formed in waters. Corros Sci 1988;28:221-31.

3. American Water Works Association Research Foundation & DVGW- Technologiezentrum Wasser. Internal corrosion of water distribution systems. 2nd edition. 1996. Available from: https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=F5hKYcQSuSkC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=Internal+Corrosion+of+Water+Distribution+Systems,+second+ed.%3B+1996%3B&ots=_sIoM3J1H1&sig=5Z6PlCerYpYeZUsZ-ebze3vortU#v=onepage&q=Internal%20Corrosion%20of%20Water%20Distribution%20Systems%2C%20second%20ed.%3B%201996%3B&f=false. [Last accessed on 18 Jul 2024].

4. Camper AK. Involvement of humic substances in regrowth. Int J Food Microbiol 2004;92:355-64.

5. Imran SA, Dietz JD, Mutoti G, Taylor JS, Randall AA. Modified Larsons ratio incorporating temperature, water age, and electroneutrality effects on red water release. J Environ Eng 2005;131:1514-20.

6. Imran SA, Dietz JD, Mutoti G, Taylor JS, Randall AA, Cooper C. Red water release in drinking water distribution systems. J AWWA 2005;97:93-100.

7. Przywara L, Jaszczurkowska A. Physical and chemical characteristics of corrosion deposits in iron pipes operated in presence of water flow. Polish J Mat Environ Eng 2022;4:30-40.

8. Nawrocki J, Raczyk-Stanisławiak U, Swietlik J, Olejnik A, Sroka MJ. Corrosion in a distribution system: steady water and its composition. Water Res 2010;44:1863-72.

9. Swietlik J, Raczyk-Stanisławiak U, Piszora P, Nawrocki J. Corrosion in drinking water pipes: the importance of green rusts. Water Res 2012;46:1-10.

10. Baylis JR. Prevention of corrosion and “red water”. J AWWA 1926;15:598-633.

11. Gerke TL, Maynard JB, Schock MR, Lytle DL. Physiochemical characterization of five iron tubercles from a single drinking water distribution system: possible new insights on their formation and growth. Corros Sci 2008;50:2030-9.

12. Sarin P, Snoeyink VL, Bebee J, Kriven WM, Clement JA. Physico-chemical characteristics of corrosion scales in old iron pipes. Water Res 2001;35:2961-9.

13. Zimoch I, Dudziak M. Evaluation of toxicity of water and water-pipe deposits in rural water supply systems. 2017. Available from: http://tchie.uni.opole.pl/PECO17_2/Zimoch-Material_PECO17_2.pdf. [Last accessed on 18 Jul 2024].

14. Koelmans AA, Mohamed Nor NH, Hermsen E, Kooi M, Mintenig SM, De France J. Microplastics in freshwaters and drinking water: critical review and assessment of data quality. Water Res 2019;155:410-22.

15. Gruber ES, Stadlbauer V, Pichler V, et al. To waste or not to waste: questioning potential health risks of micro- and nanoplastics with a focus on their ingestion and potential carcinogenicity. Expo Health 2023;15:33-51.

16. Arthur C, Baker JE, Bamford HA. Proceedings of the International Research Workshop on the Occurrence, Effects, and Fate of Microplastic Marine Debris, September 9-11, 2008, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA. 2009. Available from: https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2509. [Last accessed on 18 Jul 2024]

17. Wu C, Zhang K, Xiong X. Microplastic pollution in inland waters focusing on Asia. In: Wagner M, Lambert S, editors. Freshwater microplastics. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2018. pp. 85-99.

18. Chu X, Zheng B, Li Z, et al. Occurrence and distribution of microplastics in water supply systems: in water and pipe scales. Sci Total Environ 2022;803:150004.

19. Cox KD, Covernton GA, Davies HL, Dower JF, Juanes F, Dudas SE. Human consumption of microplastics. Environ Sci Technol 2019;53:7068-74.

20. Mohamed Nor NH, Kooi M, Diepens NJ, Koelmans AA. Lifetime accumulation of microplastic in children and adults. Environ Sci Technol 2021;55:5084-96.

21. Gambino I, Bagordo F, Grassi T, Panico A, De Donno A. Occurrence of microplastics in tap and bottled water: current knowledge. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19:5283.

22. Stock V, Böhmert L, Lisicki E, et al. Uptake and effects of orally ingested polystyrene microplastic particles in vitro and in vivo. Arch Toxicol 2019;93:1817-33.

23. Revel M, Châtel A, Mouneyrac C. Micro(nano)plastics: a threat to human health? Curr Opin Env Sci Hl 2018;1:17-23.

24. Wright SL, Kelly FJ. Plastic and human health: a micro issue? Environ Sci Technol 2017;51:6634-47.

25. Koelmans AA, Redondo-hasselerharm PE, Nor NHM, de Ruijter VN, Mintenig SM, Kooi M. Risk assessment of microplastic particles. Nat Rev Mater 2022;7:138-52.

26. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). Presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in food, with particular focus on seafood. EFSA J 2016;14:e04501.

27. Mercogliano R, Avio CG, Regoli F, Anastasio A, Colavita G, Santonicola S. Occurrence of microplastics in commercial seafood under the perspective of the human food chain. A review. J Agric Food Chem 2020;68:5296-301.

28. Kadac-Czapska K, Knez E, Grembecka M. Food and human safety: the impact of microplastics. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024;64:3502-21.

29. EUR-Lex. Directive (EU) 2020/2184 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2020 on the quality of water intended for human consumption (recast). 2020. Available from: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2020/2184/oj. [Last accessed on 18 Jul 2024]

30. Świetlik J, Magnucka M. Aging of drinking water transmission pipes during long-term operation as a potential source of nano- and microplastics. SSRN 2023.

31. Chakraborty I, Banik S, Biswas R, Yamamoto T, Noothalapati H, Mazumder N. Raman spectroscopy for microplastic detection in water sources: a systematic review. Int J Environ Sci Technol 2023;20:10435-48.

32. Fischer J, Wallner GM, Pieber A. Spectroscopical investigation of ski base materials. Macromol Symp 2008;265:28-36.

33. Shen M, Zeng Z, Wen X, et al. Presence of microplastics in drinking water from freshwater sources: the investigation in Changsha, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021;28:42313-24.

34. Socrates G. Infrared and Raman characteristic group frequencies: tables and charts. 3rd edition. New York; Wiley; 2001. Available from: http://catalysis.eprints.iitm.ac.in/3177/1/George%20Socrates-Infrared%20and%20Raman%20characteristic%20group%20frequencies_%20tables%20and%20charts-Wiley%20%282001%29.pdf. [Last accessed on 18 Jul 2024].

35. B&W TEK. Software. Available from: https://bwtek.com/technology/software/. [Last accessed on 18 Jul 2024].

36. Świetlik J, Magnucka M. Chemical and microbiological safety of drinking water in distribution networks made of plastic pipes. WIREs Water 2024;11:e1704.

37. Pivokonsky M, Cermakova L, Novotna K, Peer P, Cajthaml T, Janda V. Occurrence of microplastics in raw and treated drinking water. Sci Total Environ 2018;643:1644-51.

38. Xue J, Samaei SH, Chen J, Doucet A, Ng KTW. What have we known so far about microplastics in drinking water treatment? A timely review. Front Environ Sci Eng 2022;16:58.

39. Dronjak L, Exposito N, Rovira J, et al. Screening of microplastics in water and sludge lines of a drinking water treatment plant in Catalonia, Spain. Water Res 2022;225:119185.

40. Jeong Y, Gong G, Lee HJ, Seong J, Hong SW, Lee C. Transformation of microplastics by oxidative water and wastewater treatment processes: a critical review. J Hazard Mater 2023;443:130313.

41. Johnson AC, Ball H, Cross R, et al. Identification and quantification of microplastics in potable water and their sources within water treatment works in England and Wales. Environ Sci Technol 2020;54:12326-34.