fig3

Figure 3. SEM images of pristine nZVI (A) and reacted nZVI (B) (reaction conditions: initial concentration = 5 mmol/L; nZVI dosage = 0.5 g/L; initial pH = 4.0 ± 0.1; reaction time = 2 h.) C: cuprite; G: goethite; L: lepidocrocite; SEM: scanning electron microscopy.