fig5

Figure 5. (A) Schematic diagrams of the salt templating manufacturing process; (B) TEM image of ferrite/carbon nanosheets^[70]. Copyright, 2012, ACS; (C) Schematics of the morphology of SnO₂ NPs and SnO₂-based active material structure in the carbon cells (top), and TEM images of hybrid cellular nanosheets (bottom) before cycling (a), after lithiation (b), and after delithiation (c)^[68]. Copyright 2015, ACS; (D) SEM images of WS₂ nanosheets; (E) Cycle performance of the electrodes of WS₂ nanosheets and WS₂ blocks at a current density at 0.1 A·g^-1[69]. Copyright 2016, RSC; (F) Schematic diagrams of wood templating manufacturing process; (G) The SEM image of the top view of LCO-2 electrode^[71]. Copyright 2018, Wiley-VCH; (H) HR-TEM image of the 3DC/SnO_x-E; (I) Cycle performance of the anodes of various materials at 625 mA·g^-1[72]. Copyright 2016, The authors; (J) Schematic diagrams of ice templating manufacturing process^[54]. Copyright 2022, The Authors, Published by Elsevier; (K) The SEM image of PCF-700; (L) Electrochemical impedance spectra of the electrodes for PCFs^[76]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier; (M) Galvanostatic charge-discharge profiles of the second cycle and rate capability at various current densities from 0.1C to 2.0C^[77]. Copyright 2022, The Authors, Published by Wiley‐VCH. TEM: Transmission electron microscopy; NPs: nanoparticles; SEM: scanning electron microscopy; LCO: layered cobalt oxide; HR-TEM: high-resolution transmission electron microscopy; 3DC: three-dimensional carbon; PCFs: porous carbon frameworks; ACS: American Chemical Society; RSC: Royal Society of Chemistry.