REFERENCES

1. Cornec D, Cornec-Le Gall E, Fervenza FC, Specks U. ANCA-associated vasculitis - clinical utility of using ANCA specificity to classify patients. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016;12:570-9.

2. Micheletti RG, Chiesa Fuxench Z, Craven A, Watts RA, Luqmani RA, Merkel PA. DCVAS Investigators. Cutaneous manifestations of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020;72:1741-7.

3. Francès C, Du LT, Piette JC, et al. Wegener’s granulomatosis. Dermatological manifestations in 75 cases with clinicopathologic correlation. Arch Dermatol 1994;130:861-7.

4. Kluger N, Pagnoux C, Guillevin L, Francès C. French Vasculitis Study Group. Comparison of cutaneous manifestations in systemic polyarteritis nodosa and microscopic polyangiitis. Br J Dermatol 2008;159:615-20.

5. Comarmond C, Pagnoux C, Khellaf M, et al. French Vasculitis Study Group. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss): clinical characteristics and long-term followup of the 383 patients enrolled in the French Vasculitis Study Group cohort. Arthritis Rheum 2013;65:270-81.

6. Ragab G, Hegazy MT, Ali M, Abdel-Halim MRE, Puéchal X. Three patterns of cutaneous involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis. J Adv Res 2020;24:311-5.

7. Daoud MS, Gibson LE, Deremee RA, Specks U, el-Azhary RA, Daniel Su W. Cutaneous Wegener's granulomatosis: clinical, histopathologic, and immunopathologic features of thirty patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;31:605-12.

8. Marzano AV, Vezzoli P, Berti E. Skin involvement in cutaneous and systemic vasculitis. Autoimmun Rev 2013;12:467-76.

9. Barksdale SK, Hallahan CW, Kerr GS, Fauci AS, Stern JB, Travis WD. Cutaneous pathology in Wegener’s granulomatosis. A clinicopathologic study of 75 biopsies in 46 patients. Am J Surg Pathol 1995;19:161-72.

10. Chanda JJ, Callen JP. Necrotizing vasculitis (angiitis) with granulomatosis. Int J Dermatol 1984;23:101-7.

11. Yevich I. Necrotizing vasculitis with granulomatosis. Int J Dermatol 1988;27:540-6.

12. Hoekstra JA, Fauci AS. The granulomatous vasculitides. Clin Rheum Dis 1980;6:373-88.

13. Decleva I, Marzano AV, Barbareschi M, Berti E. Cutaneous manifestations in systemic vasculitis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 1997;15:5-20.

14. Seishima M, Oyama Z, Oda M. Skin eruptions associated with microscopic polyangiitis. Eur J Dermatol 2004;14:255-58.

15. Finan MC, Winkelmann RK. The cutaneous extravascular necrotizing granuloma (Churg-Strauss granuloma) and systemic disease: a review of 27 cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 1983;62:142-58.

16. Hunt RD, Hartman RD, Molho-Pessach V, Votava HJ, Schaffer JV. Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis in an adolescent girl with perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis and arthritis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012;67:e164-6.

17. Chu P, Connolly MK, LeBoit PE. The histopathologic spectrum of palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis in patients with collagen vascular disease. Arch Dermatol 1994;130:1278-83.

18. Iudici M, Pagnoux C, Courvoisier DS, et al. French Vasculitis Study Group. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis: study of 795 patients from the French Vasculitis Study Group registry. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021;51:339-46.

19. Marzano AV, Raimondo MG, Berti E, Meroni PL, Ingegnoli F. Cutaneous manifestations of ANCA-associated small vessels vasculitis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2017;53:428-38.

20. Patten SF, Tomecki KJ. Wegener's granulomatosis: cutaneous and oral mucosal disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993;28:710-8.

21. Comarmond C, Cacoub P. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener): clinical aspects and treatment. Autoimmun Rev 2014;13:1121-5.

22. Tashtoush B, Memarpour R, Johnston Y, Ramirez J. Large pyoderma gangrenosum-like ulcers: a rare presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Case Rep Rheumatol 2014;2014:850364.

23. Semo R, Tal R, Dallos T, Harel L, Plank L, Wagner-Weiner L. Pyoderma gangrenosum ulceration as a presenting feature of pediatric granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020;72.

24. Comfere NI, Macaron NC, Gibson LE. Cutaneous manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis: a clinicopathologic study of 17 patients and correlation to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody status. J Cutan Pathol 2007;34:739-47.

25. Chyu JY, Hagstrom WJ, Soltani K, Faibisoff B, Whitney DH. Wegener's granulomatosis in childhood: cutaneous manifestations as the presenting signs. J Am Acad Dermatol 1984;10:341-6.

26. Kass A, Fagan JD, Long P. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting with pyoderma gangrenosum-like ulceration and negative cytoplasmic antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies in a child. Pediatr Dermatol 2017;34:e231-4.

27. Moen BH, Nystad TW, Barrett TM, Sandvik LF. A boy in his teens with large ulcerations of the head and neck. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2019:139.

28. Holle JU, Gross WL, Holl-Ulrich K, et al. Prospective long-term follow-up of patients with localised Wegener's granulomatosis: does it occur as persistent disease stage? Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:1934-9.

29. Marzano AV, Balice Y, Papini M, Testa R, Berti E, Crosti C. Localized Wegener's granulomatosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011;25:1466-70.

30. McKenney DW, Siegel NJ. An unusual skin lesion in a pediatric patient with Wegener's granulomatosis. Pediatr Nephrol 1994;8:587-8.

31. Marzano AV, Ishak RS, Saibeni S, Crosti C, Meroni PL, Cugno M. Autoinflammatory skin disorders in inflammatory bowel diseases, pyoderma gangrenosum and Sweet's syndrome: a comprehensive review and disease classification criteria. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2013;45:202-10.

32. Huizenga T, Kado JA, Pellicane B, Borovicka J, Mehregan DR, Mehregan DA. Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis and palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis. Cutis 2018;101:E19-21.

33. Stewart C, Cohen D, Bhattacharyya I, et al. Oral manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis: a report of three cases and a literature review. J Am Dent Assoc 2007;138:338-48; quiz 396, 398.

34. Ruokonen H, Helve T, Arola J, Hietanen J, Lindqvist C, Hagstrom J. "Strawberry like" gingivitis being the first sign of Wegener's granulomatosis. Eur J Intern Med 2009;20:651-3.

35. Manchanda Y, Tejasvi T, Handa R, Ramam M. Strawberry gingiva: a distinctive sign in wegener's granulomatosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;49:335-7.

36. Wright AC, Gibson LE, Davis DM. Cutaneous manifestations of pediatric granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a clinicopathologic and immunopathologic analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015;72:859-67.

37. Gajic-Veljic M, Nikolic M, Peco-Antic A, Bogdanovic R, Andrejevic S, Bonaci-Nikolic B. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis) in children: report of three cases with cutaneous manifestations and literature review. Pediatr Dermatol 2013;30:e37-42.

38. Morita TCAB, Criado PR, Criado RFJ, Trés GFS, Sotto MN. Update on vasculitis: overview and relevant dermatological aspects for the clinical and histopathological diagnosis - part II. An Bras Dermatol 2020;95:493-507.

39. Frumholtz L, Laurent-Roussel S, Aumaître O, et al. French Vasculitis Study Group. Clinical and pathological significance of cutaneous manifestations in ANCA-associated vasculitides. Autoimmun Rev 2017;16:1138-46.

40. Omiya W, Fujita Y, Baba K, Shibaki A, Odani T, Shimizu H. Unusual cutaneous manifestations of Churg-Strauss syndrome mimicking Wells' syndrome. Eur J Dermatol 2012;22:576-8.

41. Kataoka H, Tomita T, Kondo M, Mukai M. Presence of purpura is related to active inflammation in association with IL-5 in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Rheumatol Int 2021;41:449-54.

42. Saulsbury FT. Clinical update: Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Lancet 2007;369:976-8.

43. Marković A. Vasculitis and vasculopathy. Acta Med Croatica 2012;66:19-24. (in Croatian).

44. Rachapalli SM, Kiely PD. Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions mimicking ENT-limited Wegener's granulomatosis. Scand J Rheumatol 2008;37:477-80.

45. Weenig RH, Davis MD, Dahl PR, Su WP. Skin ulcers misdiagnosed as pyoderma gangrenosum. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1412-8.

46. Cozzani E, Scaparro M, Rongioletti F, Pierri I, Pimpinelli N, Parodi A. Pyoderma gangrenosum-like CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in a patient with mycosis fungoides. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015;29:819-21.

47. Kim SK, Park CK, Park YW, Jun JB, Yoo DH, Bae SC. Palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis presenting as an unusual skin manifestation in a patient with Behçet's disease. Scand J Rheumatol 2005;34:324-7.

48. Hantash BM, Chiang D, Kohler S, Fiorentino D. Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis associated with limited systemic sclerosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008;58:661-4.

49. Carlson JA, Chen KR. Cutaneous pseudovasculitis. Am J Dermatopathol 2007;29:44-55.

50. Yates M, Watts RA, Bajema IM, et al. EULAR/ERA-EDTA recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016;75:1583-94.

51. Alinovi A, Bassissi P, Pini M. Systemic administration of antibiotics in the management of venous ulcers. J Am Acad Dermatol 1986;15:186-91.

52. O'Meara S, Al-Kurdi D, Ologun Y, Ovington LG, Martyn-St James M, Richardson R. Antibiotics and antiseptics for venous leg ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;1:CD003557.

53. Madhok BM, Vowden K, Vowden P. New techniques for wound debridement. Int Wound J 2013;10:247-51.

54. Armitage M, Roberts J. Caring for patients with leg ulcers and an underlying vasculitic condition. Br J Community Nurs 2004;Suppl:S16-22.

55. Briggs M, Ferris FD, Glynn C, et al. Assessing pain at wound dressing-related procedures. Nurs Times 2004;100:56-7.