REFERENCES
1. Campbell BC, Mitchell PJ, Kleinig TJ, et al. EXTEND-IA Investigators. Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with perfusion-imaging selection. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1009-18.
2. Saver JL, Goyal M, Bonafe A, et al. SWIFT PRIME Investigators. Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs. t-PA alone in stroke. N Engl J Med 2015;372:2285-95.
3. Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, et al. MR CLEAN Investigators. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2015;372:11-20.
4. Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, et al. ESCAPE Trial Investigators. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1019-30.
5. Jovin TG, Chamorro A, Cobo E, et al. REVASCAT Trial Investigators. Thrombectomy within 8 hours after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2015;372:2296-306.
6. Stroke Foundation. Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management. Available from: https://informme.org.au/en/Guidelines/Clinical-Guidelines-for-Stroke-Management. [Last accessed on 10 Jun 2021].
7. Friberg L, Rosenqvist M, Lindgren A, Terént A, Norrving B, Asplund K. High prevalence of atrial fibrillation among patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke 2014;45:2599-605.
8. Seachrist E, Jacob S, Ferari C, Ranasinghe T, Petrone A, Adcock A. How much does atrial fibrillation contribute to large vessel occlusions? Neurology 2019;92:P1.3-049. Available from:
9. Lippi G, Sanchis-Gomar F, Cervellin G. Global epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: an increasing epidemic and public health challenge. Int J Stroke 2021;16:217-21.
10. Inoue M, Noda R, Yamaguchi S, et al. Specific factors to predict large-vessel occlusion in acute stroke patients. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018;27:886-91.
11. Munir MB, Alqahtani F, Beltagy A, Tarabishy A, Alkhouli M. Comparative outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in patients with and without atrial fibrillation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017;28:1604-5.
12. Smaal JA, de Ridder IR, Heshmatollah A, et al. HERMES collaboration. Effect of atrial fibrillation on endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. A meta-analysis of individual patient data from six randomised trials: results from the HERMES collaboration. Eur Stroke J 2020;5:245-51.
13. Pan X, Liu G, Li Y, et al. Is atrial fibrillation a prognostic predictor for patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombectomy? Int J Clin Exp Med 2016;9:6819-24. Available from:
14. Wahlgren N, Ahmed N, Dávalos A, et al. Thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke in the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST): an observational study. Lancet 2007;369:275-82.
15. Dargazanli C, Fahed R, Blanc R, et al. ASTER Trial Investigators. Modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2C/thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 3 reperfusion should be the aim of mechanical thrombectomy: insights from the ASTER trial (contact aspiration versus stent retriever for successful revascularization). Stroke 2018;49:1189-96.
16. Hannon N, Sheehan O, Kelly L, et al. Stroke associated with atrial fibrillation--incidence and early outcomes in the north Dublin population stroke study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2010;29:43-9.
17. Saposnik G, Gladstone D, Raptis R, Zhou L, Hart RG. Investigators of the Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network (RCSN) and the Stroke Outcomes Research Canada (SORCan) Working Group. Atrial fibrillation in ischemic stroke: predicting response to thrombolysis and clinical outcomes. Stroke 2013;44:99-104.
18. Zheng J, Shi L, Xu W, et al. Impact of hyperlipidemia and atrial fibrillation on the efficacy of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017;8:72972-84.
19. Lin CJ, Luo CB, Chien C, et al. Better endovascular mechanical thrombectomy outcome in atrial fibrillation patients with acute ischemic stroke: a single-center experience. J Chin Med Assoc 2020;83:756-60.
20. Baek JH, Kim BM, Heo JH, Kim DJ, Nam HS, Kim YD. Outcomes of endovascular treatment for acute intracranial atherosclerosis-related large vessel occlusion. Stroke 2018;49:2699-705.
21. Nolan NM, Regenhardt RW, Koch MJ, et al. Treatment approaches and outcomes for acute anterior circulation stroke patients with tandem lesions. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021;30:105478.
22. Han TS, Fry CH, Fluck D, et al. Anticoagulation therapy in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation: a registry-based study of acute stroke care in Surrey, UK. BMJ Open 2018;8:e022558.
23. Zapata-Wainberg G, Ximénez-Carrillo Á, Trillo S, et al. Madrid Stroke Network. Mechanical thrombectomy in orally anticoagulated patients with acute ischemic stroke. J Neurointerv Surg 2018;10:834-8.
24. Rebello LC, Haussen DC, Belagaje S, Anderson A, Frankel M, Nogueira RG. Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in the setting of anticoagulation. Stroke 2015;46:3536-9.
25. Krajíčková D, Krajina A, Herzig R, et al. Safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy with stent-retrievers in anticoagulated patients with anterior circulation stroke. Clin Radiol 2019;74:165.e11-6.
26. Wong JWP, Churilov L, Dowling R, et al. Safety of endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke in anticoagulated patients ineligible for intravenous thrombolysis. Cerebrovasc Dis 2018;46:193-9.
27. Benavente L, Larrosa D, García-Cabo C, et al. Safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke of anticoagulated patients-a prospective observational study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016;25:2093-8.
28. Černík D, Šaňák D, Divišová P, et al. Mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke on anticoagulation therapy. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2018;41:706-11.
29. Meinel TR, Kniepert JU, Seiffge DJ, et al. Endovascular stroke treatment and risk of intracranial hemorrhage in anticoagulated patients. Stroke 2020;51:892-8.
30. Tajima Y, Hayasaka M, Ebihara K, Kubota M, Suda S. Predictors of poor outcome after successful mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke. J Clin Interv Radiol ISVIR 2017;1:139-43.
31. Nogueira RG, Liebeskind DS, Sung G, Duckwiler G, Smith WS. MERCI. Predictors of good clinical outcomes, mortality, and successful revascularization in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy: pooled analysis of the Mechanical Embolus Removal in Cerebral Ischemia (MERCI) and Multi MERCI Trials. Stroke 2009;40:3777-83.
32. Yoon W, Kim SK, Park MS, Baek BH, Lee YY. Predictive factors for good outcome and mortality after stent-retriever thrombectomy in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke. J Stroke 2017;19:97-103.
33. Cohen JE, Gomori JM, Leker RR. Stent retriever-based thrombectomy in octogenarians. Interv Neurol 2016;5:111-7.
34. Chandra RV, Leslie-Mazwi TM, Oh DC, et al. Elderly patients are at higher risk for poor outcomes after intra-arterial therapy. Stroke 2012;43:2356-61.
35. To CY, Rajamand S, Mehra R, et al. Outcome of mechanical thrombectomy in the very elderly for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: the real world experience. Acta Radiol Open 2015;4:2058460115599423.
36. Bracard S, Ducrocq X, Mas JL, et al. Mechanical thrombectomy after intravenous alteplase versus alteplase alone after stroke (THRACE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurology 2016;15:1138-47.
37. Merlino G, Sponza M, Petralia B, et al. Short and long-term outcomes after combined intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy versus direct mechanical thrombectomy: a prospective single-center study. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2017;44:203-9.
38. Tsivgoulis G, Katsanos AH, Mavridis D, et al. Endovascular thrombectomy with or without systemic thrombolysis? Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2017;10:151-60.
39. Coutinho JM, Liebeskind DS, Slater LA, et al. Combined intravenous thrombolysis and thrombectomy vs thrombectomy alone for acute ischemic stroke: a pooled analysis of the SWIFT and STAR studies. JAMA Neurol 2017;74:268-74.
40. Wang H, Zi W, Hao Y, et al. ACTUAL Investigators. Direct endovascular treatment: an alternative for bridging therapy in anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion stroke. Eur J Neurol 2017;24:935-43.
41. Yang P, Zhang Y, Zhang L, et al. DIRECT-MT Investigators. Endovascular thrombectomy with or without intravenous alteplase in acute stroke. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1981-93.