fig1
Figure 1. Underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of tissue protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors↑. Akt: Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase; HF: heart failure; CaMK: Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; SGLT2: sodium-glucose cotransporter 2; PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; ↑: increase; ↓: decrease.
