REFERENCES
1. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2015 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015;131:e29-322.
2. Khan K, Wojdyla D, Say L, Gülmezoglu AM, Van Look PF. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a systematic review. Lancet 2006;367:1066-74.
3. Mosca L, Benjamin EJ, Berra K, Bezanson JL, Dolor RJ, et al. Effectiveness based guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in women-2011 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011;123:1243-62.
4. Shalimova A. Heart and vascular remodeling in essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes is dependent on genetic polymorphisms. Vessel Plus 2017;1:84-90.
5. Bilovol O. Predictors of hormonal and metabolic disorders of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbidity. Vessel Plus 2017;1:22-8.
6. Roberts JM, August PA, Bakris G, Barton JR, Bernstein IM, et al. Hypertension in pregnancy: report of the American college of obstetricians and gynecologists’ task force on hypertension in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2013;122:1122-31.
8. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Journal of Hypertension 2013;31:1281-357.
9. Gifford RW, August PA, Cunningham G, Green LA, Lindheimer MD, et al. Report of the national high blood pressure education program working group on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:S1-22.
10. ACOG technical bulletin. Hypertension in pregnancy. Number 219--January 1996 (replaces no. 91, February 1986). Committee on Technical Bulletins of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1996;53:175-83.
11. Melchiorre K, Sutherland GR, Liberati M, Thilaganathan B. Preeclampsia is associated with persistent postpartum cardiovascular impairment. Hypertension 2011;58:709-15.
12. Abalos E, Cuesta C, Grosso AL, Chou D, Say L. Global and regional estimates of preeclampsia and eclampsia: a systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013;170:1-7.
13. Mackillop L. Pre-eclampsia: reducing the risk with calcium supplements. BMJ Clin Evid 2015;2015:1402.
14. Reyes LM, García RG, Ruiz SL, Broadhurst D, Aroca G, et al. Angiogenic imbalance and plasma lipid alterations in women with preeclampsia from a developing country. Growth Factors 2012;30:158-66.
15. Grandi SM, Vallée-Pouliot K, Reynier P, Eberg M, Platt RW, et al. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2017;31:412-21.
16. McDonald SD, Malinowski A, Zhou Q, Yusuf S. Cardiovascular sequelae of preeclampsia/eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Am Heart J 2008;156:918-30.
17. Bellamy L, Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Williams DJ. Preeclampsia and risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer in later life: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2007;335:974.
18. Sabiri B, Moussalit A, Salmi S, Youssoufi S, Miguil M. Post-partum eclampsia: epidemiology and prognosis. Journal de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction 2007;36:276-80.
19. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Roos-Hesselink JW, Bauersachs J, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Cifkova R, et al. 2018 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. Eur Heart J 2018;39:3165-241.
21. Parra-Cordero M, Sepúlveda-Martínez A, Preisler J, Pastén J, Soto-Chacón E, et al. Role of the glucose tolerance test as a predictor of preeclampsia. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2014;78:130-5.
22. Powe CE, Levine RJ, Karumanchi SA. Preeclampsia, a disease of the maternal endothelium: the role of antiangiogenic factors and implications for later cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2011;21:2856-69.
23. Larsen WI, Strong JE, Farley JH. Risk factors for late postpartum preeclampsia. J Reprod Med 2012:35-8.
24. Karumanchi SA, Levine RJ. How does smoking reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia? Hypertension 2010:1100-1.
25. Bartsch E., Medcalf KE, Park AL, Ray JG. Clinical risk factors for pre-eclampsia determined in early pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis of large cohort studies. BMJ 2016;353:i1753.
26. McCormick AS, Wood A, Wee MY. Visual disturbances and seizures associated with pregnancy: a diagnostic dilemma and the role of radiological techniques as an aid to diagnosis. Int J Obstet Anesth 1999;8:184-8.
27. Saxena N, Bava A, Nandanwar Y. Maternal and perinatal outcome in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and ynecology 2016;5:2171-6.
28. PSantos R, Correa VM, Modesto FG, Moutella FRD. Late-onset postpartum eclampsia: still a diagnostic dilemma. Hong Kong Med J 2008;14:60-3.
29. Munjuluri N, Lipman M, Valentine A, Hardiman P, Maclean AB. Postpartum eclampsia of late onset. BMJ 2005;331:1070.
30. Sibai BM. Etiology and management of postpartum hypertension-preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012;206:470-5.
31. Al-Safi Z, Imudia AN, Filetti LC, Hobson DT, Bahado-Singh RO MBA, et al. Delayed postpartum preeclampsia and eclampsia demographics, clinical course, and complications. Awonuga, MDObstet Gynecol 2011;118:1102-7.
32. Douglas AKG, Redman CW. Eclampsia in the United Kingdom. British Medical Journal 1994;309:1395-1400.
33. Simcox LE, Ormesher L, Tower C, Greer IA. Pulmonary thrombo-embolism in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. Breathe 2015;11:282-9.
34. Vilchez G, Hoyos LR, Leon-Peters J, Lagos M, Argoti P. Differences in clinical presentation and pregnancy outcomes in antepartum preeclampsia and new-onset postpartum preeclampsia: Are these the same disorder? Obstet Gynecol Sci 2016;6:434-43.
35. Stuart JJ, Tanz LJ, Cook NR, Spiegelman D, Missmer SA. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018;72:1252-63.
36. Breetveld NM, Ghossein-Doha C, van Kuijk S, van Dijk AP, van der Vlugt MJ, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk is only elevated in hypertensive, formerly preeclamptic women. BJOG 2015;122:1092-100.
37. Bokslag A, Teunissen PW, Franssen C, van Kesteren F, Kamp O, et al. Effect of early-onset preeclampsia on cardiovascular risk in the fifth decade of life. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017;216:523.e1-523.
38. Ros HS, Lichtenstein P, Bellocco R, Petersson G, Cnattingius S. Pulmonary embolism and stroke in relation to pregnancy: how can high-risk women be identified? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186:198-203.
39. Todua F, Akhvlediani M, Vorobiova E, Tsivtsivadze G, Baramidze A. Homocysteine and D-dimer levels and multilayer computed tomography for diagnosing pulmonary artery thromboembolism. Sessel plus 2017; doi: 10.20517/2574-1209.2016.06.
40. Goel A, Maski MR, Bajracharya S, Wenger JB, Zhang D, et al. Epidemiology and mechanisms of de novo and persistent hypertension in the postpartum period. Circulation 2015;132:1726-33.
41. Grandi SM, Reynier P, Platt RW, Basso O, Filion K. The timing of onset of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and the risk of incident hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Int J Cardiol 2018;270:273-5.
42. Soma-Pillay P, Catherine NP, Tolppanen H, Mebazaa A, Tolppanen H, et al. Physiological changes in pregnancy. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa 2016;27:89-94.
43. Chapman AB, Abraham WT, Zamudio S, Coffin C, Merouani A, et al. Temporal relationships between hormonal and hemodynamic changes in early human pregnancy. Kidney Int 1998;54:2056-63.
46. Khong TY. Acute atherosis in pregnancies complicated by hypertension, small-for-gestational-age infants, and diabetes mellitus. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1991;115:722-5.
47. Merck. Merck Manual 2018. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional.
48. Lykke JA, Langhoff-Roos J, Sibai BM, Funai EF, Triche EW, et al. Hypertensive pregnancy disorders and subsequent cardiovascular morbidity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the mother. Hypertension 2009;53:944-51.
49. Levine RJ, Vatten LJ, Horowitz GL, Qian C, Romundstad PR, et al. Karumanc pre-eclampsia, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1, and the risk of reduced thyroid function: nested case-control and population based study. BMJ 2009;17:39.
50. Hubel CA, Snaedal S, Ness RB, Weissfeld LA, Geirsson RT, et al. Dyslipoproteinaemia in postmenopausal women with a history of eclampsia. BJOG 2000;107:776-84.
51. Sattar N, Greer IA. Pregnancy complications and maternal cardiovascular risk: opportunities for intervention and screening. BMJ 2002;325:157-60.
52. Seely EW, Solomon CG. Insulin resistance and its potential role in pregnancy-induced hypertension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:2393-8.
53. Bosio PM, McKenna PJ, Conroy R, O’Herlihy C. Maternal central hemodynamics in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:978-84.
55. Redman CW, Sacks GP, Sargent IL. Pre-eclampsia: an excessive maternal inflammatory response to pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;180:499-506.
56. Kuhl C. Insulin secretion and insulin resistance in pregnancy and GDM: implications for diagnosis and management. Diabetes 1991;40:18-24.
57. Martin U, Davies C, Hayavi S, Hartland A, Dunne F. Is normal pregnancy atherogenic? Clin Sci (Lond) 1999;96:421-5.
58. Redman CW, Sacks GP, Sargent IL. Pre-eclampsia: an excessive maternal inflammatory response to pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;180:499-506.
59. Magnussen EB, Vatten LJ, Lund-Nilsen TI, Salvesen KA, Davey Smith G. Prepregnancy cardiovascular risk factors as predictors of pre-eclampsia: population based cohort study. BMJ 2007;335:978.
60. Romundstad PR, Magnussen EB, Davey Smith G, Vatten LJ. Hypertension in pregnancy and later cardiovascular disease: common antecedents? Circulation 2010;122:579-84.
61. Cassidy-Bushrow AE, Bielak LE, Rule AD, Sheedy PF, Turner ST, et al. Hypertension during pregnancy is associated with coronary artery calcium independent of renal function. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2009;18:1709-16.
62. Feig DS, Shah BR, Lipscombe LL, Wu CF, Ray JG, et al. Preeclampsia as a risk factor for diabetes: a population based cohort study. PLoSMed 2013;10.
