REFERENCES

1. Bins GP, Dourado J, Tang J, Kogan S, Runyan CM. “Primary correction of the cleft nasal septum: a systematic review”. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2024;61:373-82.

2. Afifi T, Saleh D, Shaker A. Our strategy in management of maxillonasal dysplasia in pediatric patients. J Craniofac Surg. 2021;32:1037-41.

3. Baser B, Singh P, Surana P, Roy PK, Chaubey P. Early surgical intervention for nasal deformity in Binder’s syndrome. J Laryngol Otol. 2022;136:146-53.

4. Kopacheva-Barsova G, Nikolovski N. Justification for rhinoseptoplasty in children - our 10 years overview. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2016;4:397-403.

5. Verwoerd CD, Verwoerd-Verhoef HL. Rhinosurgery in children: developmental and surgical aspects of the growing nose. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010;9:Doc05.

6. Gary CC. Pediatric nasal surgery: timing and technique. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;25:286-90.

7. Pinto V, Piccin O, Burgio L, Summo V, Antoniazzi E, Morselli PG. Effect of early correction of nasal septal deformity in unilateral cleft lip and palate on inferior turbinate hypertrophy and nasal patency. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;108:190-5.

8. Smarius B, Loozen C, Manten W, Bekker M, Pistorius L, Breugem C. Accurate diagnosis of prenatal cleft lip/palate by understanding the embryology. World J Methodol. 2017;7:93-100.

9. Hammond NL, Dixon MJ. Revisiting the embryogenesis of lip and palate development. Oral Dis. 2022;28:1306-26.

10. Kaufman Y, Buchanan EP, Wolfswinkel EM, Weathers WM, Stal S. Cleft nasal deformity and rhinoplasty. Semin Plast Surg. 2012;26:184-90.

11. Tse RW, Knight R, Oestreich M, Rosser M, Mercan E. Unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity: three-dimensional analysis of the primary deformity and longitudinal changes following primary correction of the nasal foundation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;145:185-99.

12. Kalmar CL, Carlson AR, Patel VA, et al. Cleft rhinoplasty: does timing and utilization of cartilage grafts affect perioperative outcomes? J Craniofac Surg. 2022;33:1762-8.

13. Tse RW, Mercan E, Fisher DM, Hopper RA, Birgfeld CB, Gruss JS. Unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity: foundation-based approach to primary rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019;144:1138-49.

14. Avinoam SP, Kowalski HR, Chaya BF, Shetye PR. Current presurgical infant orthopedics practices among American Cleft Palate Association-Approved Cleft Teams in North America. J Craniofac Surg. 2022;33:2522-8.

15. Owens WR, Mohan VC, Bonanthaya K, Figueroa AA. Cleft presurgical infant orthopedics: evolution from analog to digital appliances-will it increase accessibility? Plast Reconstr Surg. 2025;156:72S-80.

16. Winnand P, Ooms M, Heitzer M, et al. Defining biomechanical principles in pre-surgical infant orthopedics in a real cleft finite element model. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025;54:904-13.

17. Dunworth K, Porras Fimbres D, Trotta R, et al. Systematic review and critical appraisal of the evidence base for nasoalveolar molding (NAM). Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2024;61:654-77.

18. Desale M, Tamchos R, Kapur A, Jaiswal M, Chauhan A. Effectiveness of presurgical orthopedic interventions in infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2025;Epub ahead of print.

19. Bayan L, Nordahl E, Huynh K, et al. Grayson’s technique for presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) in unilateral cleft lip and palate: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2025;Epub ahead of print.

20. Padovano WM, Skolnick GB, Naidoo SD, Snyder-Warwick AK, Patel KB. Long-term effects of nasoalveolar molding in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022;59:462-74.

21. Rau A, Ritschl LM, Mücke T, Wolff KD, Loeffelbein DJ. Nasoalveolar molding in cleft care--experience in 40 patients from a single centre in Germany. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0118103.

22. Esenlik E, Gibson T, Kassam S, et al. NAM therapy-evidence-based results. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2020;57:529-31.

23. Parhofer R, Rau A, Strobel K, et al. The impact of passive alveolar molding vs. nasoalveolar molding on cleft width and other parameters of maxillary growth in unilateral cleft lip palate. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27:5001-9.

24. Gibson E, Pfeifauf KD, Skolnick GB, et al. Presurgical orthopedic intervention prior to cleft lip and palate repair: nasoalveolar molding versus passive molding appliance therapy. J Craniofac Surg. 2021;32:486-91.

25. Chang FC, Huang JJ, Wallace CG, et al. Comparison of facial growth between two nasoalveolar molding techniques in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023;152:1078-83.

26. Multani N, Plana NM, Staffenberg DA, Flores RL, Shetye PR. An early comparative analysis of presurgical lip, alveolus and nose approximation (PLANA) and nasoalveolar molding (NAM). Plastic Reconstr Surg. 2025.

27. Shetye PR. An innovative technique of presurgical lip, alveolus, and nose approximation (PLANA) for infants with clefts. J Craniofac Surg. 2024;35:e357-9.

28. Tajima S, Maruyama M. Reverse-U incision for secondary repair of cleft lip nose. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1977;60:256-61.

29. Lu TC, Lam WL, Chang CS, Kuo-Ting Chen P. Primary correction of nasal deformity in unilateral incomplete cleft lip: a comparative study between three techniques. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2012;65:456-63.

30. Byrd HS, Salomon J. Primary correction of the unilateral cleft nasal deformity. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000;106:1276-86.

31. Rottgers SA, Jiang S. Repositioning of the lower lateral cartilage in primary cleft nasoplasty: utilization of a modified Tajima technique. Ann Plast Surg. 2010;64:691-5.

32. Tse RW, Fisher DM. State of the art: the unilateral cleft lip and nose deformity and anatomic subunit approximation. Plast Surg. 2024;32:138-47.

33. Madaree A. Primary nasal correction in unilateral cleft lip: an ongoing journey. J Craniofac Surg. 2021;32:2354-7.

34. Wilkes C, Burge J, Chong DK. Primary unilateral cleft lip rhinoplasty technique: the melbourne technique. J Craniofac Surg. 2023;34:1347-50.

35. Cho BC, Lee JW, Lee JS, et al. Correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity in adults using lower lateral cartilage repositioning, columellar strut, and onlay cartilage graft on the nasal tip with open rhinoplasty combined with reverse-U incision. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021;74:1077-86.

36. Tanikawa D, Sá Á, Figueroa Á, Chong D, Ishida LC. Introducing preservation rhinoplasty principles to cleft nasal surgery: unveiling the role of nasal ligaments in infant anatomy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2026;157:79e-83.

37. Nguyen DC, Myint JA, Lin AY. The role of postoperative nasal stents in cleft rhinoplasty: a systematic review. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2024;61:1941-50.

38. Bhutiani N, Tripathi T, Verma M, Bhandari PS, Rai P. Assessment of treatment outcome of presurgical nasoalveolar molding in patients with cleft lip and palate and its postsurgical stability. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2020;57:700-6.

39. Yeow VK, Chen PK, Chen YR, Noordhoff SM. The use of nasal splints in the primary management of unilateral cleft nasal deformity. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;103:1347-54.

40. Al-Qatami F, Avinoam SP, Cutting CB, Grayson BH, Shetye PR. Efficacy of postsurgical nostril retainer in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate treated with presurgical nasoalveolar molding and primary cheiloplasty-rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;150:623-9.

41. Kim YC, Yoon I, Min JC, Woo SH, Kwon SM, Oh TS. Primary cleft rhinoplasty with custom suture needle for alar cartilage repositioning in unilateral cleft lip patients: 3d nasal analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2024;61:1593-600.

42. Park JJ, Rodriguez Colon R, Arias FD, et al. “Septoplasty” performed at primary cleft rhinoplasty: a systematic review of techniques and call for accurate terminology. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2023;60:1645-54.

43. Ng JJ, Cheung L, Massenburg BB, et al. Long-term surgical outcomes of intermediate cleft rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2025;156:455-64.

44. Insalaco LF, Karp E, Zavala H, Chinnadurai S, Tibesar R, Roby BB. Comparing autologous versus allogenic rib grafting in pediatric cleft rhinoplasty. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020;138:110264.

45. Jenny HE, Siegel N, Yang R, Redett RJ. Safety of irradiated homologous costal cartilage graft in cleft rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021;147:76e-81.

46. Hoang TA, Lee KC, Dung V, Chuang SK. Augmentation rhinoplasty in cleft lip nasal deformity using alloplastic material and autologous cartilage. J Craniofac Surg. 2022;33:e883-6.

47. Dang BN, Pfaff MJ, Jain NS, et al. Component restoration in the bilateral intermediate cleft tip rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021;148:243e-7.

48. Ayeroff JR, Volpicelli EJ, Mandelbaum RS, et al. Component restoration in the unilateral intermediate cleft tip rhinoplasty: technique and long-term outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019;143:572e-80.

49. Murali SP, Denadai R, Sato N, et al. Long-term outcome of primary rhinoplasty with overcorrection in patients with unilateral cleft lip: avoiding intermediate rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023;151:441e-51.

50. Nicol M, de Boutray M, Captier G, Bigorre M. Primary cheilorhinoseptoplasty using the Talmant protocol in unilateral complete cleft lip: functional and aesthetic results on nasal correction and comparison with the Tennison-Malek protocol. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022;51:1445-53.

51. Lam T, Munns C, Fell M, Chong D. Septoplasty during primary cleft lip reconstruction: a historical perspective and scoping review. J Craniofac Surg. 2024;35:1985-9.

52. Zelko I, Zielinski E, Santiago CN, Alkureishi LWT, Purnell CA. Primary cleft rhinoplasty: a systematic review of results, growth restriction, and avoiding secondary rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023;151:452e-62.

53. Alanazi F, Alonazi M, Hazazi MT, AlQahtani SM, Alenezi M. Effectiveness and outcomes of primary rhinoplasty in cleft lip surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Craniofac Surg. 2025;Epub ahead of print.

54. Di Chiaro B, Santiago G, Santiago C, Zelko I, Choudhary A, Purnell CA. A systematic review of primary rhinoplasty in patients with bilateral cleft lip. J Craniofac Surg. 2022;33:2406-10.

55. Seo HJ, Denadai R, Vamvanij N, Chinpaisarn C, Lo LJ. Primary rhinoplasty does not interfere with nasal growth: a long-term three-dimensional morphometric outcome study in patients with unilateral cleft. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;145:1223-36.

56. Tessier P. Anatomical classification facial, cranio-facial and latero-facial clefts. J Maxillofac Surg. 1976;4:69-92.

57. Kalantar-Hormozi A, Abbaszadeh-Kasbi A, Goravanchi F, Davai NR. Prevalence of rare craniofacial clefts. J Craniofac Surg. 2017;28:e467-70.

58. da Silva Freitas R, Alonso N, Shin JH, Busato L, Ono MC, Cruz GA. Surgical correction of Tessier number 0 cleft. J Craniofac Surg. 2008;19:1348-52.

59. Wang X, Wang H, You J, et al. A ten-year surgical experience in patients of Tessier No.0 cleft with a bifid nose. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2023;164:111399.

60. Wang Y, Yu B, Dai C, Wei J. Surgical correction of a bifid nose deformity with a split M-shaped flap. Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med. 2023;25:238-43.

61. Rashid M, Islam MZ, Tamimy MS, Haq EU, Aman S, Aslam A. Rotation-transposition correction of nasal deformity in Tessier number 1 and 2 clefts. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2009;46:674-80.

62. Chapchay K, Zaga J, Billig A, Adler N, Margulis A. Surgical technique for nasal cleft repair. Ann Plast Surg. 2019;82:289-91.

63. Yu BF, Wei SY, Dai CC, Wei J. Alar rim triangular flap for congenital nasal cleft repair in pediatric patients. J Craniofac Surg. 2022;33:183-6.

64. Golinko MS, Pemberton JD, Phillips J, Johnson A, Hartzell LD. The arkansas tessier number 3 cleft experience: soft tissue and skeletal findings with primary surgical management: four-step approach. J Craniofac Surg. 2018;29:1834-41.

65. Lee SI, Lee SJ, Joo HS. Frontonasal dysplasia: a case report. Arch Craniofac Surg. 2019;20:397-400.

66. Vargel I, Canter HI, Kucukguven A, Aydin A, Ozgur F. ALX-related frontonasal dysplasias: clinical characteristics and surgical management. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022;59:637-43.

67. Umair M, Ahmad F, Bilal M, Arshad M. Frontonasal dysplasia: a review. J Biochem Clin Genet. 2018;1:2-14.

68. Lopez A, Lyle DA, Brennan TE, Bennett E. Rhinoplasty in a 3 week old: surgical challenges in the setting of severe congenital frontonasal dysplasia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131:1409-12.

69. Fujisawa K, Watanabe S, Kato M, Utsunomiya H, Watanabe A. Costochondral grafting for nasal airway reconstruction in an infant with frontonasal dysplasia. J Craniofac Surg. 2019;30:200-1.

70. Song SY, Choi JW, Lew HW, Koh KS. Nasal reconstruction of a frontonasal dysplasia deformity using aesthetic rhinoplasty techniques. Arch Plast Surg. 2015;42:637-9.

71. Kim YB, Nam SM, Park ES, Choi CY, Cha HG, Kim JH. Nasal reconstruction of a frontonasal dysplasia via septal l-strut reconstruction using costal cartilage. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022;59:1306-13.

72. Chaisrisawadisuk S, Chaisrisawadisuk S. Structural rhinoplasty as an effective surgical approach for frontonasal dysplasia. J Craniofac Surg. 2024;Epub ahead of print.

73. Agrawal K, Shrotriya R. Columellar lengthening in primary and secondary rhinoplasty for binder’s syndrome: a fresh perspective. Indian J Plast Surg. 2023;56:78-81.

74. Holmes AD, Lee SJ, Greensmith A, Heggie A, Meara JG. Nasal reconstruction for maxillonasal dysplasia. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21:543-51.

75. Goh RC, Chen YR. Surgical management of Binder’s syndrome: lessons learned. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2010;34:722-30.

76. Siddiqui HP, Sennimalai K, Samrit VD, Bhatt K, Duggal R. Binder’s syndrome: a narrative review. Spec Care Dentist. 2023;43:73-82.

77. Jain U, Thakur G, Kallury A. Binder’s syndrome. BMJ Case Rep. 2011;2011:bcr0820114665.

78. Kerbrat A, Ferri J. Surgical treatment for patients with binder syndrome, clinical features and associated symptoms: a systematic review. J Craniofac Surg. 2022;33:530-3.

79. Monasterio FO, Molina F, McClintock JS. Nasal correction in Binder’s syndrome: the evolution of a treatment plan. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 1997;21:299-308.

Plastic and Aesthetic Research
ISSN 2349-6150 (Online)   2347-9264 (Print)

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/