REFERENCES
1. Poulsen K. Doigt a ressort. Bibl Laeger; 1908. p. 55-95.
2. Flatt AE. The care of congenital hand anomalies. Available from: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/gim/resource/fr/biblio-1085389 [Last accessed on 15 Nov 2023].
3. Ger E, Kupcha P, Ger D. The management of trigger thumb in children. J Hand Surg Am 1991;16:944-7.
4. Kikuchi N, Ogino T. Incidence and development of trigger thumb in children. J Hand Surg Am 2006;31:541-3.
5. Dinham JM, Meggitt BF. Trigger thumbs in children: a review of the natural history and indications for treatment in 105 patients. Available from: https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1574231874538377088 [Last accessed on 15 Nov 2023].
6. Baek GH, Kim JH, Chung MS, Kang SB, Lee YH, Gong HS. The natural history of pediatric trigger thumb. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:980-5.
8. Slakey JB, Hennrikus WL. Acquired thumb flexion contracture in children: congenital trigger thumb. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1996;78:481-3.
9. Venkatadass K, Bhardwaj P, Sabapathy SR. Pediatric trigger thumb: congenital or developmental? A unique case report. J Hand Microsurg 2020;12:S75-7.
10. Shen K, Han B, Xu Y. Characterization of pediatric extension trigger thumb: an insight into a rare manifestation from a single-center retrospective cohort analysis. J Hand Surg Am 2021;46:926.e1-8.
11. Fahey JJ, Bollinger JA. Trigger-finger in adults and children. J Bone Joint Surg 1954;36-A:1200-18.
12. Hueston JT, Wilson WF. The aetiology of trigger finger explained on the basis of intratendinous architecture. Hand 1972;4:257-60.
13. Salloum NL, McGee P, Lam WL. The association between trauma and paediatric trigger thumb deformity; experience from a single tertiary referral hospital. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2023;57:181-5.
14. Caldwell A, Rayan G, Ojwang JO. Monozygotic twins discordant for pediatric trigger-locked thumbs. Hand 2012;7:320-2.
15. Verma M, Craig CL, DiPietro MA, et al. Serial ultrasound evaluation of pediatric trigger thumb. J Pediatr Orthop 2013;33:309-13.
16. Khoshhal KI, Jarvis JG, Uhthoff HK. Congenital trigger thumb in children: electron microscopy and immunohistochemical analysis of the first annular pulley. J Pediatr Orthop B 2012;21:295-9.
17. Kim J, Gong HS, Seok HS, Choi YH, Oh S, Baek GH. Quantitative measurements of the cross-sectional configuration of the flexor pollicis longus tendon using ultrasonography in patients with pediatric trigger thumb. J Hand Surg Am 2018;43:284.e1-7.
18. Bayat A, Shaaban H, Giakas G, Lees VC. The pulley system of the thumb: anatomic and biomechanical study. J Hand Surg Am 2002;27:628-35.
19. Kuo M, Rayan GM. Complete annular and partial oblique pulley release for pediatric locked trigger thumb. Hand 2010;5:408-14.
20. Kozin SH. Deformities of the thumb. In: Wolfe SW, Hotchkiss RN, Kozin SH, Pederson WC, Cohen MS, editors. Green’s Operative Hand Surgery. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:1289-1327.
21. Fernandes C, Dong K, Rayan G. Paediatric trigger-locked thumb. J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2022;27:2-9.
22. Baek GH, Lee HJ. The natural history of pediatric trigger thumb: a study with a minimum of five years follow-up. Clin Orthop Surg 2011;3:157-9.
23. Hutchinson DT, Rane AA, Montanez A. The natural history of pediatric trigger thumb in the united states. J Hand Surg Am 2021;46:424.e1-7.
24. Jung HJ, Lee JS, Song KS, Yang JJ. Conservative treatment of pediatric trigger thumb: follow-up for over 4 years. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2012;37:220-4.
25. Koh S, Horii E, Hattori T, Hiroishi M, Otsuka J. Pediatric trigger thumb with locked interphalangeal joint: can observation or splinting be a treatment option? J Pediatr Orthop 2012;32:724-6.
26. Yano K, Ikeda M, Yoneda M, et al. Clinical results of splinting versus observation for pediatric trigger thumb. J Pediatr Orthop B 2021;30:346-50.
27. Farr S, Grill F, Ganger R, Girsch W. Open surgery versus nonoperative treatments for paediatric trigger thumb: a systematic review. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2014;39:719-26.
28. Yano K, Kaneshiro Y, Miyashima Y, Iwamae M, Sakanaka H. Surgical treatment for a 24-year-old patient with pediatric trigger thumb: a case report. J Orthop Sci 2023;28:693-6.
29. Lin JS, Pettit R, Rosenbaum JA, Popp JE, Samora JB. The development of trigger thumb in the contralateral thumb in pediatric patients presenting initially with unilateral involvement. Hand 2021;16:316-20.
30. Han SH, Yoon HK, Shin DE, Song DG. Trigger thumb in children: results of surgical treatment in children above 5 years of age. J Pediatr Orthop 2010;30:710-4.
31. Marek DJ, Fitoussi F, Bohn DC, Van Heest AE. Surgical release of the pediatric trigger thumb. J Hand Surg Am 2011;36:647-52.e2.
32. Dittmer AJ, Grothaus O, Muchow R, Riley S. Pulling the trigger: recommendations for surgical care of the pediatric trigger thumb. J Pediatr Orthop 2020;40:300-3.
