fig4

Figure 4. Example of TMR to a left glenohumeral amputee. A: Dissection of the terminal branches of brachial plexus with identification of ulnar, median, radial and musculocutaneous nerves. B: Pectoralis major muscle (P) is split into three neurovascular territories. Pectoralis minor (P) can be seen. C and D: TMR transfers indicated with arrows; radial nerve to pectoralis minor and musculocutaneous nerve to upper third of pectoralis major. The median and ulnar nerves were subsequently transferred to the lower and middle pectoralis major muscles, respectively.