fig1

Figure 1. Typical nerve transfers performed in a patient with a shoulder^[42] disarticulation/high transhumeral amputation. A: Pre-operative identification of the stumps of the median, ulnar, radial, and musculocutaneous nerves based on the patients’ reports of paraesthesiae in the expected nerve territories - on palpation of their neuromas. B: Nerve transfers performed during the TMR procedure. Division of the pectoralis major muscle into three neuromuscular units which are used as targets for the musculocutaneous, ulnar, and median nerves.