REFERENCES
1. Trotti A, Bellm LA, Epstein JB, et al. Mucositis incidence, severity and associated outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy: a systematic literature review. Radiother Oncol 2003;66:253-62.
2. Marx RE. Osteoradionecrosis: a new concept of its pathophysiology. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1983;41:283-8.
3. Danielsson D, Gahm C, Haghdoost S, Munck-Wikland E, Halle M. Osteoradionecrosis, an increasing indication for microvascular head and neck reconstruction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020;49:1-6.
4. Thorn JJ, Hansen HS, Specht L, Bastholt L. Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: clinical characteristics and relation to the field of irradiation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000;58:1088-93; discussion 1093-5.
5. Aarup-Kristensen S, Hansen CR, Forner L, Brink C, Eriksen JG, Johansen J. Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: risk factors and dose-volume correlations. Acta Oncol 2019;58:1373-7.
6. Moon DH, Moon SH, Wang K, et al. Incidence of, and risk factors for, mandibular osteoradionecrosis in patients with oral cavity and oropharynx cancers. Oral Oncol 2017;72:98-103.
7. Reuther T, Schuster T, Mende U, Kübler A. Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws as a side effect of radiotherapy of head and neck tumour patients--a report of a thirty year retrospective review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003;32:289-95.
8. AlDhalaan NA, BaQais A, Al-Omar A. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a review. Cureus 2020;12:e6944.
9. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Orecchia R. Radiotherapy-induced mandibular bone complications. Cancer Treat Rev 2002;28:65-74.
10. Ren W, Gao L, Li S, et al. Virtual Planning and 3D printing modeling for mandibular reconstruction with fibula free flap. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2018;23:e359-66.
11. Oh HK, Chambers MS, Martin JW, Lim HJ, Park HJ. Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: treatment outcomes and factors influencing the progress of osteoradionecrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009;67:1378-86.
12. Khan AA, Morrison A, Hanley DA, et al. International Task Force on Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. Diagnosis and management of osteonecrosis of the jaw: a systematic review and international consensus. J Bone Miner Res 2015;30:3-23.
13. Marx RE. A new concept in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1983;41:351-7.
14. Shaw RJ, Butterworth CJ, Silcocks P, et al. HOPON (hyperbaric oxygen for the prevention of osteoradionecrosis): a randomized controlled trial of hyperbaric oxygen to prevent osteoradionecrosis of the irradiated mandible after dentoalveolar surgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019;104:530-9.
15. Sultan A, Hanna GJ, Margalit DN, et al. The use of hyperbaric oxygen for the prevention and management of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw: a Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center Multidisciplinary Guideline. Oncologist 2017;22:343-50.
16. Hirsch DL, Bell RB, Dierks EJ, Potter JK, Potter BE. Analysis of microvascular free flaps for reconstruction of advanced mandibular osteoradionecrosis: a retrospective cohort study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008;66:2545-56.
17. Alam DS, Nuara M, Christian J. Analysis of outcomes of vascularized flap reconstruction in patients with advanced mandibular osteoradionecrosis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009;141:196-201.
18. Delanian S, Depondt J, Lefaix JL. Major healing of refractory mandible osteoradionecrosis after treatment combining pentoxifylline and tocopherol: a phase II trial. Head Neck 2005;27:114-23.
19. Delanian S, Chatel C, Porcher R, Depondt J, Lefaix JL. Complete restoration of refractory mandibular osteoradionecrosis by prolonged treatment with a pentoxifylline-tocopherol-clodronate combination (PENTOCLO): a phase II trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011;80:832-9.
20. Patel V, Gadiwalla Y, Sassoon I, Sproat C, Kwok J, McGurk M. Prophylactic use of pentoxifylline and tocopherol in patients who require dental extractions after radiotherapy for cancer of the head and neck. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016;54:547-50.
21. Dissard A, P Dang N, Barthelemy I, et al. Efficacy of pentoxifylline-tocopherol-clodronate in mandibular osteoradionecrosis. Laryngoscope 2020;130:E559-66.
22. Sweeny L, Mayland E, Swendseid BP, et al. Microvascular reconstruction of osteonecrosis: assessment of long-term quality of life. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; doi: 10.1177/0194599821990682.
23. Rogers SN, D'Souza JJ, Lowe D, Kanatas A. Longitudinal evaluation of health-related quality of life after osteoradionecrosis of the mandible. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015;53:854-7.
24. Wang L, Su YX, Liao GQ. Quality of life in osteoradionecrosis patients after mandible primary reconstruction with free fibula flap. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:162-8.
25. Shaha AR, Cordeiro PG, Hidalgo DA, et al. Resection and immediate microvascular reconstruction in the management of osteoradionecrosis of the mandible. Head Neck 1997;19:406-11.
26. Lofstrand J, Nyberg M, Karlsson T, et al. Quality of life after free fibula flap reconstruction of segmental mandibular defects. J Reconstr Microsurg 2018;34:108-20.
27. Kim JW, Hwang JH, Ahn KM. Fibular flap for mandible reconstruction in osteoradionecrosis of the jaw: selection criteria of fibula flap. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2016;38:46.
28. Blumberg JM, Walker P, Johnson S, et al. Mandibular reconstruction with the scapula tip free flap. Head Neck 2019;41:2353-8.
29. Yeh DH, Lee DJ, Sahovaler A, et al. Shouldering the load of mandible reconstruction: 81 cases of oromandibular reconstruction with the scapular tip free flap. Head Neck 2019;41:30-6.
30. Dowthwaite SA, Theurer J, Belzile M, et al. Comparison of fibular and scapular osseous free flaps for oromandibular reconstruction: a patient-centered approach to flap selection. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;139:285-92.
31. Bigcas JLM, Bond J. Osteocutaneous radial forearm flap. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564384/ [Last accessed on 30 Nov 2021].
32. Kim JH, Rosenthal EL, Ellis T, Wax MK. Radial forearm osteocutaneous free flap in maxillofacial and oromandibular reconstructions. Laryngoscope 2005;115:1697-701.
33. Chapchay K, Weinberger J, Eliashar R, Adler N. Anterior skull base reconstruction following ablative surgery for osteoradionecrosis: case report and review of literature. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019;128:1134-40.
34. Sharaf B, Levine JP, Hirsch DL, Bastidas JA, Schiff BA, Garfein ES. Importance of computer-aided design and manufacturing technology in the multidisciplinary approach to head and neck reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg 2010;21:1277-80.
35. Largo RD, Garvey PB. Updates in head and neck reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 2018;141:271e-85e.
36. Avraham T, Franco P, Brecht LE, et al. Functional outcomes of virtually planned free fibula flap reconstruction of the mandible. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014;134:628e-34e.
37. Chang EI. Long-term operative outcomes of preoperative computed tomography-guided virtual surgical planning for osteocutaneous free flap mandible reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 2016;138:559e-60e.
38. Patel H, Saadat N, Ho AS, Mallen-St Clair J. Virtual surgical planning for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a valuable application in advanced cases. Cureus 2020;12:e9696.
39. Vieira L, Isacson D, Dimovska EOF, Rodriguez-Lorenzo A. Four lessons learned from complications in head and neck microvascular reconstructions and prevention strategies. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2021;9:e3329.
40. Mayland EJ SB, Curry JM, Wax MK, et al. Management and and outcomes of advanced head and neck osteonecrosis. Forthcoming 2021. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/cancerjournal/Fulltext/2016/12020/Antibiotic_protocol_for_the_prevention_of.22.aspx [Last accessed on 30 Nov 2021].
41. Menapace DC, Van Abel KM, Jackson RS, Moore EJ. Primary vs secondary endosseous implantation after fibular free tissue reconstruction of the mandible for osteoradionecrosis. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 2018;20:401-8.
42. Wilkman T, Husso A, Lassus P. Clinical comparison of scapular, fibular, and iliac crest osseal free flaps in maxillofacial reconstructions. Scand J Surg 2019;108:76-82.
43. Danielsson D, Munck-Wikland E, Hagel E, Halle M. Quality of life after microvascular mandibular reconstruction for osteoradionecrosis-a prospective study. Head Neck 2019;41:2225-30.
44. Baumann DP, Yu P, Hanasono MM, Skoracki RJ. Free flap reconstruction of osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: a 10-year review and defect classification. Head Neck 2011;33:800-7.
45. Jacobson AS, Zevallos J, Smith M, et al. Quality of life after management of advanced osteoradionecrosis of the mandible. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;42:1121-8.
46. Chang EI, Leon P, Hoffman WY, Schmidt BL. Quality of life for patients requiring surgical resection and reconstruction for mandibular osteoradionecrosis: 10-year experience at the University of California San Francisco. Head Neck 2012;34:207-12.
47. Rogers SN, Gwanne S, Lowe D, Humphris G, Yueh B, Weymuller EA Jr. The addition of mood and anxiety domains to the University of Washington quality of life scale. Head Neck 2002;24:521-9.
48. Derek Lowe SR. University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL v4) Guidance for scoring and presentation. Available from: https://www.entnet.org/wp-content/uploads/files/uw_qol_r_v4.pdf [Last accessed on 1 Nov 2021].
49. Sweeny L, Rosenthal EL, Light T, et al. Effect of overlapping operations on outcomes in microvascular reconstructions of the head and neck. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017;156:627-35.
50. Cannady SB, Dean N, Kroeker A, Albert TA, Rosenthal EL, Wax MK. Free flap reconstruction for osteoradionecrosis of the jaws--outcomes and predictive factors for success. Head Neck 2011;33:424-8.
51. Lee M, Chin RY, Eslick GD, Sritharan N, Paramaesvaran S. Outcomes of microvascular free flap reconstruction for mandibular osteoradionecrosis: a systematic review. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015;43:2026-33.
52. Park L, Lilic N, Addison B, Patel R. Cost analysis of osteoradionecrosis. J Laryngol Otol 2017;131:303-8.
53. Kelishadi SS, St-Hilaire H, Rodriguez ED. Is simultaneous surgical management of advanced craniofacial osteoradionecrosis cost-effective? Plast Reconstr Surg 2009;123:1010-7.
54. Li H, Tan MDM, Alexander S, Grinsell D, Ramakrishnan A. Comparative osteoradionecrosis rates in bony reconstructions for head and neck malignancy. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019;72:1478-83.
55. Sandhu S, Salous MH, Sankar V, Margalit DN, Villa A. Osteonecrosis of the jaw and dental extractions: a single-center experience. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020;130:515-21.
56. Al-Bazie SA, Bahatheq M, Al-Ghazi M, Al-Rajhi N, Ramalingam S. Antibiotic protocol for the prevention of osteoradionecrosis following dental extractions in irradiated head and neck cancer patients: a 10 years prospective study. J Cancer Res Ther 2016;12:565-70.
57. Marx RE, Johnson RP, Kline SN. Prevention of osteoradionecrosis: a randomized prospective clinical trial of hyperbaric oxygen versus penicillin. J Am Dent Assoc 1985;111:49-54.
58. Bennett MH, Feldmeier J, Hampson NB, Smee R, Milross C. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late radiation tissue injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;4:CD005005.
59. Teguh DN, Levendag PC, Noever I, et al. Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy for reducing radiotherapy side effects: early results of a randomized trial in oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;75:711-6.
60. D'Souza J, Goru J, Goru S, Brown J, Vaughan ED, Rogers SN. The influence of hyperbaric oxygen on the outcome of patients treated for osteoradionecrosis: 8 year study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007;36:783-7.
