REFERENCES

1. Davis MJ, Luu BC, Raj S, Abu-Ghname A, Buchanan EP. Multidisciplinary care in surgery: are team-based interventions cost-effective? Surgeon 2021;19:49-60.

2. Ferry AM, Beh HZ, Dibbs RP, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on cleft surgical care. FACE 2021;2:6-12.

3. Gutierrez JC, Perez EA, Moffat FL, Livingstone AS, Franceschi D, Koniaris LG. Should soft tissue sarcomas be treated at high-volume centers? Ann Surg 2007;245:952-8.

4. Messner J, Harwood P, Johnson L, Itte V, Bourke G, Foster P. Lower limb paediatric trauma with bone and soft tissue loss: ortho-plastic management and outcome in a major trauma centre. Injury 2020;51:1576-83.

5. Azoury SC, Stranix JT, Kovach SJ, Levin LS. Principles of orthoplastic surgery for lower extremity reconstruction: why is this important? J Reconstr Microsurg 2021;37:42-50.

6. Steinberger Z, Therattil PJ, Levin LS. Orthoplastic approach to lower extremity reconstruction: an update. Clin Plast Surg 2021;48:277-88.

7. Boriani F, Ul Haq A, Baldini T, et al. Orthoplastic surgical collaboration is required to optimise the treatment of severe limb injuries: a multi-centre, prospective cohort study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2017;70:715-22.

8. Klifto KM, Azoury SC, Othman S, Klifto CS, Levin LS, Kovach SJ. The value of an orthoplastic approach to management of lower extremity trauma: systematic review and meta-analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2021;9:e3494.

9. Sommar P, Granberg Y, Halle M, Skogh AC, Lundgren KT, Jansson KÅ. Effects of a formalized collaboration between plastic and orthopedic surgeons in severe extremity trauma patients; a retrospective study. J Trauma Manag Outcomes 2015;9:3.

10. Chen CM, Disa JJ, Lee HY, et al. Reconstruction of extremity long bone defects after sarcoma resection with vascularized fibula flaps: a 10-year review. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007;119:915-24; discussion 925-6.

11. Suh YC, Kushida-Contreras BH, Suh HP, et al. Is reconstruction preserving the first ray or first two rays better than full transmetatarsal amputation in diabetic foot? Plast Reconstr Surg 2019;143:294-305.

12. Ding R, McCarthy ML, Houseknecht E, et al. CHAT Study Group. The health-related quality of life of children with an extremity fracture: a one-year follow-up study. J Pediatr Orthop 2006;26:157-63.

13. Vitale MG, Vitale MA, Lehmann CL, et al. Towards a national pediatric musculoskeletal trauma outcomes registry: the Pediatric Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Research Group (POTORG) experience. J Pediatr Orthop 2006;26:151-6.

14. Wallace M, Puryear A, Cannada LK. An evaluation of posttraumatic stress disorder and parent stress in children with orthopaedic injuries. J Orthop Trauma 2013;27:e38-41.

15. Nelson LP, Gold JI. Posttraumatic stress disorder in children and their parents following admission to the pediatric intensive care unit: a review. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2012;13:338-47.

16. Urlaub KM, Ettinger RE, Nelson NS, et al. Nonvascularized bone graft reconstruction of the irradiated murine mandible: an analogue of clinical head and neck cancer treatment. J Craniofac Surg 2019;30:611-7.

17. Halle M, Bodin I, Tornvall P, Wickman M, Farnebo F, Arnander C. Timing of radiotherapy in head and neck free flap reconstruction--a study of postoperative complications. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2009;62:889-95.

18. Attinger C. Soft-tissue coverage for lower-extremity trauma. Orthop Clin North Am 1995;26:295-334.

19. Gimenez AR, Winocour SJ, Chu CK. Reconstructive techniques in melanoma for the surgical oncologist. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2020;29:349-67.

20. Carney MJ, Samra F, Momeni A, Bauder AR, Weissler JM, Kovach SJ. Anastomotic technique and preoperative imaging in microsurgical lower-extremity reconstruction: a single-surgeon experience. Ann Plast Surg 2020;84:425-30.

21. Haddock NT, Garfein ES, Saadeh PB, Levine JP. The lower-extremity Allen test. J Reconstr Microsurg 2009;25:399-403.

22. Tan O, Yuce I, Kantarci M, Algan S. Evaluation of lower-limb arteries with multidetector computed tomography angiography prior to free flap surgery: a radioanatomic study. J Reconstr Microsurg 2011;27:199-206.

23. Janhofer DE, Lakhiani C, Kim PJ, et al. The utility of preoperative arteriography for free flap planning in patients with chronic lower extremity wounds. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019;143:604-13.

24. Kapur S, Chang EI. Discussion: the utility of preoperative arteriography for free flap planning in patients with chronic lower extremity wounds. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019;143:614-5.

25. Black CK, Ormiston LD, Fan KL, Kotha VS, Attinger C, Evans KK. Amputations versus salvage: reconciling the differences. J Reconstr Microsurg 2021;37:32-41.

26. Elsharawy MA, Maher K, Elsaid AS. Limb salvage in a child with severely injured mangled lower extremity and muscle rigor. Vascular 2012;20:321-4.

27. Heller L, Levin LS. Lower extremity microsurgical reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;108:1029-41; quiz 1042.

28. Organek AJ, Klebuc MJ, Zuker RM. Indications and outcomes of free tissue transfer to the lower extremity in children: review. J Reconstr Microsurg 2006;22:173-81.

29. Prasarn ML, Helfet DL, Kloen P. Management of the mangled extremity. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2012;7:57-66.

30. Bosse MJ, MacKenzie EJ, Kellam JF, et al. An analysis of outcomes of reconstruction or amputation after leg-threatening injuries. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1924-31.

31. Dagum AB, Best AK, Schemitsch EH, Mahoney JL, Mahomed MN, Blight KR. Salvage after severe lower-extremity trauma: are the outcomes worth the means? Plast Reconstr Surg 1999;103:1212-20.

32. Georgiadis GM, Behrens FF, Joyce MJ, Earle AS, Simmons AL. Open tibial fractures with severe soft-tissue loss. Limb salvage compared with below-the-knee amputation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1993;75:1431-41.

33. MacKenzie EJ, Bosse MJ, Pollak AN, et al. Long-term persistence of disability following severe lower-limb trauma. Results of a seven-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1801-9.

34. Chung KC, Saddawi-Konefka D, Haase SC, Kaul G. A cost-utility analysis of amputation versus salvage for Gustilo type IIIB and IIIC open tibial fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009;124:1965-73.

35. Hertel R, Strebel N, Ganz R. Amputation versus reconstruction in traumatic defects of the leg: outcome and costs. J Orthop Trauma 1996;10:223-9.

36. Wilke B, Cooper A, Scarborough M, Gibbs P, Spiguel A. A comparison of limb salvage versus amputation for nonmetastatic sarcomas using patient-reported outcomes measurement information system outcomes. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2019;27:e381-9.

37. Godina M. Early microsurgical reconstruction of complex trauma of the extremities. Plast Reconstr Surg 1986;78:285-92.

38. Hill JB, Vogel JE, Sexton KW, Guillamondegui OD, Corral GA, Shack RB. Re-evaluating the paradigm of early free flap coverage in lower extremity trauma. Microsurgery 2013;33:9-13.

39. Karanas YL, Nigriny J, Chang J. The timing of microsurgical reconstruction in lower extremity trauma. Microsurgery 2008;28:632-4.

40. Lee ZH, Stranix JT, Rifkin WJ, et al. Timing of microsurgical reconstruction in lower extremity trauma: an update of the Godina paradigm. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019;144:759-67.

41. Starnes-Roubaud MJ, Peric M, Chowdry F, et al. Microsurgical lower extremity reconstruction in the subacute period: a safe alternative. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2015;3:e449.

42. Rinker B, Valerio IL, Stewart DH, Pu LL, Vasconez HC. Microvascular free flap reconstruction in pediatric lower extremity trauma: a 10-year review. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005;115:1618-24.

43. Parrett BM, Matros E, Pribaz JJ, Orgill DP. Lower extremity trauma: trends in the management of soft-tissue reconstruction of open tibia-fibula fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;117:1315-22; discussion 1323-4.

44. Thornton BP, Rosenblum WJ, Pu LLQ. Reconstruction of limited soft-tissue defect with open tibial fracture in the distal third of the leg: a cost and outcome study. Ann Plast Surg 2005;54:276-280.

45. Abdelrahman I, Moghazy A, Abbas A, et al. A prospective randomized cost billing comparison of local fasciocutaneous perforator versus free Gracilis flap reconstruction for lower limb in a developing economy. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2016;69:1121-7.

46. Arnold PG, Mixter RC. Making the most of the gastrocnemius muscles. Plast Reconstr Surg 1983;72:38-48.

47. Veber M, Vaz G, Braye F, et al. Anatomical study of the medial gastrocnemius muscle flap: a quantitative assessment of the arc of rotation. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011;128:181-7.

48. Song P, Pu LLQ. The soleus muscle flap: an overview of its clinical applications for lower extremity reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 2018;81:S109-16.

49. Sarrami SM, Ferry AM, Buchanan EP, Gerow FT, Koshy JC. Reconstructing severe lower extremity skin necrosis in a pediatric patient. Adv Skin Wound Care 2021;34:1-6.

50. Koladi J, Gang RK, Hamza AA, George A, Bang RL, Rajacic N. Versatility of the distally based superficial sural flap for reconstruction of lower leg and foot in children. J Pediatr Orthop 2003;23:194-8.

51. Pu LLQ. Successful soft-tissue coverage of a tibial wound in the distal third of the leg with a medial hemisoleus muscle flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005;115:245-51.

52. Bajantri B, Bharathi R, Ramkumar S, Latheef L, Dhane S, Sabapathy SR. Experience with peroneus brevis muscle flaps for reconstruction of distal leg and ankle defects. Indian J Plast Surg 2013;46:48-54.

53. Pederson WC, Grome L. Microsurgical reconstruction of the lower extremity. Semin Plast Surg 2019;33:54-8.

54. Germann G, Waag KL, Selle B, Jester A. Extremity salvage with a free musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap and free tendon transfer after resection of a large congenital fibro sarcoma in a 15-week-old infant. A case report. Microsurgery 2006;26:429-31.

55. Ohmori K, Harii K, Sekiguchi J, Torii S. The youngest free groin flap yet? Br J Plast Surg 1977;30:273-6.

56. Garfein E, Doscher M, Tepper O, Gill J, Gorlick R, Smith RV. Reconstruction of the pediatric midface following oncologic resection. J Reconstr Microsurg 2015;31:336-42.

57. Akçal A, Karşıdağ S, Sucu DÖ, Turgut G, Uğurlu K. Microsurgical reconstruction in pediatric patients: a series of 30 patients. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2013;19:411-6.

58. Boyd LC, Bond GA, Hamidian Jahromi A, Kozusko SD, Kokkalis Z, Konofaos P. Microvascular reconstruction of pediatric lower extremity trauma using free tissue transfer. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2019;29:285-93.

59. Philandrianos C, Moullot P, Gay AM, et al. Soft tissue coverage in distal lower extremity open fractures: comparison of free anterolateral thigh and free latissimus dorsi flaps. J Reconstr Microsurg 2018;34:121-9.

60. Cho EH, Shammas RL, Carney MJ, et al. Muscle versus fasciocutaneous free flaps in lower extremity traumatic reconstruction: a multicenter outcomes analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg 2018;141:191-9.

61. Kovar A, Colakoglu S, Iorio ML. Choosing between muscle and fasciocutaneous free flap reconstruction in the treatment of lower extremity osteomyelitis: available evidence for a function-specific approach. J Reconstr Microsurg 2020;36:197-203.

62. Canales F, Lineaweaver W, Furnas H, et al. Microvascular tissue transfer in paediatric patients: analysis of 106 cases. Br J Plast Surg 1991;44:423-7.

63. Stranix JT, Borab ZM, Rifkin WJ, et al. Proximal versus distal recipient vessels in lower extremity reconstruction: a retrospective series and systematic review. J Reconstr Microsurg 2018;34:334-40.

64. Acland RD. Refinements in lower extremity free flap surgery. Clin Plast Surg 1990;17:733-44.

65. Ahmadi I, Herle P, Miller G, Hunter-Smith DJ, Leong J, Rozen WM. End-to-end versus end-to-side microvascular anastomosis: a meta-analysis of free flap outcomes. J Reconstr Microsurg 2017;33:402-11.

66. Johnson JE, Paxton ES, Lippe J, et al. Outcomes of the bridle procedure for the treatment of foot drop. Foot Ankle Int 2015;36:1287-96.

67. Wechselberger G, Pichler M, Pülzl P, Schoeller T. Free functional rectus femoris muscle transfer for restoration of extension of the foot after lower leg compartment syndrome. Microsurgery 2004;24:437-41.

68. Yazar S, Lin CH, Wei FC. One-stage reconstruction of composite bone and soft-tissue defects in traumatic lower extremities. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004;114:1457-66.

Plastic and Aesthetic Research
ISSN 2349-6150 (Online)   2347-9264 (Print)

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/

Portico

All published articles are preserved here permanently:

https://www.portico.org/publishers/oae/