REFERENCES
1. Frey JD, Poudrier G, Chiodo MV, Hazen A. An update on genital reconstruction options for the female-to-male transgender patient: a review of the literature. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017;139:728-37.
2. Özer M, Pigot GLS, Bouman MB, van de Grift TC, Elfering L, et al. Development of a decision aid for genital gender-affirming surgery in transmen. J Sex Med 2018;15:1041-8.
3. Hadj-Moussa M, Agarwal S, Ohl DA, Kuzon WM Jr. Masculinizing genital gender confirmation surgery. Sex Med Rev 2019;7:141-55.
4. Remington AC, Morrison SD, Massie JP, Crowe CS, Shakir A, et al. Outcomes after phalloplasty: do transgender patients and multiple urethral procedures carry a higher rate of complication? Plast Reconstr Surg 2018;141:220e-9.
5. Ascha M, Massie JP, Morrison SD, Crane CN, Chen ML. Outcomes of single stage phalloplasty by pedicled anterolateral thigh flap versus radial forearm free flap in gender confirming surgery. J Urol 2018;199:206-14.
6. Heston AL, Esmonde NO, Dugi DD 3rd, Berli JU. Phalloplasty: techniques and outcomes. Transl Androl Urol 2019;8:254-65.
7. Dy GW, Granieri MA, Fu BC, Vanni AJ, Voelzke B, et al. Presenting complications to a reconstructive urologist after masculinizing genital reconstructive surgery. Urology 2019;132:202-6.
8. Dy GW, Sun J, Granieri MA, Zhao LC. Reconstructive management pearls for the transgender patient. Curr Urol Rep 2018;19:36.
9. Esmonde N, Bluebond-Langner R, Berli JU. Phalloplasty flap-related complication. Clin Plast Surg 2018;45:415-24.
11. Chen ML, Reyblat P, Poh MM, Chi AC. Overview of surgical techniques in gender-affirming genital surgery. Transl Androl Urol 2019;8:191-208.
12. Morrison SD, Shakir A, Vyas KS, Kirby J, Crane CN, et al. Phalloplasty: a review of techniques and outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg 2016;138:594-615.
13. Gravvanis AI, Tsoutsos DA, Iconomou T, Gremoutis G. The use of integra artificial dermis to minimize donor-site morbidity after suprafascial dissection of the radial forearm flap. Microsurgery 2007;27:583-7.
14. Pigot GLS, Belboukhaddaoui S, Bouman MB, Meuleman EJH, de Boer EM, et al. Effectiveness of preoperative depilation of the urethral donor site for phalloplasty: neourethral hair growth and its effects on voiding. Eur Urol Focus 2020;6:770-5.
15. Bryson C, Honig SC. Genitourinary complications of gender-affirming surgery. Curr Urol Rep 2019;20:31.
16. Gao Y, Maurer T, Mirmirani P. Understanding and addressing hair disorders in transgender individuals. Am J Clin Dermatol 2018;19:517-27.
17. Carney MJ, Samra F, Momeni A, Bauder AR, Weissler JM, et al. Anastomotic technique and preoperative imaging in microsurgical lower-extremity reconstruction: a single-surgeon experience. Ann Plast Surg 2020;84:425-30.
18. Wirthmann A, Finke JC, Giovanoli P, Lindenblatt N. Long-term follow-up of donor site morbidity after defect coverage with Integra following radial forearm flap elevation. Eur J Plast Surg 2014;37:159-66.
19. Chang DK, Louis MR, Gimenez A, Reece EM. The basics of integra dermal regeneration template and its expanding clinical applications. Semin Plast Surg 2019;33:185-9.
20. Rudnicki PA, Purt B, True D, Siordia H, Lohmeier S, et al. Single-stage composite skin reconstruction using a dermal regeneration template. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020;8:e2622.
21. Demiri E, Papaconstantinou A, Dionyssiou D, Dionyssopoulos A, Kaidoglou K, et al. Reconstruction of skin avulsion injuries of the upper extremity with integra(®) dermal regeneration template and skin grafts in a single-stage procedure. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2013;133:1521-6.
22. Koenen W, Felcht M, Vockenroth K, Sassmann G, Goerdt S, et al. One-stage reconstruction of deep facial defects with a single layer dermal regeneration template. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011;25:788-93.
23. Papa G, Pangos M, Renzi N, Ramella V, Panizzo N, et al. Five years of experience using a dermal substitute: indications, histologic studies, and first results using a new single-layer tool. Dermatol Surg 2011;37:1631-7.
24. Santucci RA. Urethral complications after transgender phalloplasty: strategies to treat them and minimize their occurrence. Clin Anat 2018;31:187-90.
25. Al-Tamimi M, Pigot GL, van der Sluis WB, van de Grift TC, Mullender MG, et al. Colpectomy significantly reduces the risk of urethral fistula formation after urethral lengthening in transgender men undergoing genital gender affirming surgery. J Urol 2018;200:1315-22.
26. Massie JP, Morrison SD, Wilson SC, Crane CN, Chen ML. Phalloplasty with urethral lengthening: addition of a vascularized bulbospongiosus flap from vaginectomy reduces postoperative urethral complications. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017;140:551e-8.
27. Gilbert DA, Winslow BH, Gilbert DM, Jordan GH, Horton CE. Transsexual surgery in the genetic female. Clin Plast Surg 1988;15:471-87.
28. Salgado CJ, Nugent AG, Moody AM, Chim H, Paz AM, et al. Immediate pedicled gracilis flap in radial forearm flap phalloplasty for transgender male patients to reduce urinary fistula. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2016;69:1551-7.
29. Maan ZN, Rennert RC, Koob TJ, Januszyk M, Li WW, et al. Cell recruitment by amnion chorion grafts promotes neovascularization. J Surg Res 2015;193:953-62.
30. Sarhane KA, Ibrahim Z, Martin R, Krick K, Cashman CR, et al. Macroporous nanofiber wraps promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery in nerve repair by limiting fibrosis. Acta Biomater 2019;88:332-45.
31. Narakas A. The use of fibrin glue in repair of peripheral nerves. Orthop Clin North Am 1988;19:187-99.
32. Childe JR, Regal S, Schimoler P, Kharlamov A, Miller MC, et al. Fibrin glue increases the tensile strength of conduit-assisted primary digital nerve repair. Hand (N Y) 2018;13:45-9.
33. Siemionow M, Uygur S, Ozturk C, Siemionow K. Techniques and materials for enhancement of peripheral nerve regeneration: a literature review. Microsurgery 2013;33:318-28.
34. Kehoe S, Zhang XF, Boyd D. FDA approved guidance conduits and wraps for peripheral nerve injury: a review of materials and efficacy. Injury 2012;43:553-72.
35. Fox PM, Zeidler K, Carey J, Lee GK. White light spectroscopy for free flap monitoring. Microsurgery 2013;33:198-202.
36. Mericli AF, Wren J, Garvey PB, Liu J, Butler CE, et al. A prospective clinical trial comparing visible light spectroscopy to handheld doppler for postoperative free tissue transfer monitoring. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017;140:604-13.
37. Kohlert S, Quimby AE, Saman M, Ducic Y. Postoperative free-flap monitoring techniques. Semin Plast Surg 2019;33:13-6.
38. Chao AH, Meyerson J, Povoski SP, Kocak E. A review of devices used in the monitoring of microvascular free tissue transfers. Expert Rev Med Devices 2013;10:649-60.
39. Cornejo A, Rodriguez T, Steigelman M, Stephenson S, Sahar D, et al. The use of visible light spectroscopy to measure tissue oxygenation in free flap reconstruction. J Reconstr Microsurg 2011;27:397-402.
40. Rotter T, Kinsman L, James E, Machotta A, Willis J, et al. The effects of clinical pathways on professional practice, patient outcomes, length of stay, and hospital costs: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. Eval Health Prof 2012;35:3-27.
